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Design of Highway Bridges, 4th Edition offers civil engineering students and practitioners a thorough introduction to the design of medium-and short-span bridges. This Fourth Edition is revised to align with the latest Eighth Edition of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, and offers detailed coverage on the latest construction methods and materials in bridge design, including Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC), ultra-high performance concrete, and Practical 3-D Rigorous Analysis. A brand-new chapter on Substructures offers design examples for piers, elastometric bearings, and foundations. This introductory guide to bridge design and analysis includes dozens of end-of-chapter worked problems and design examples based on the AASHTO LRFD Specifications. Instructors have access to a solutions manual for all the in-text problems as well as multiple bridge plans including cast-in-place concrete, precast concrete, and steel multi-span via the book’s companion website.
Design of Highway Bridges An LRFD Approach
by Barker, Richard M.; Puckett, Jay A.Edition: 4th
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2021-04-27
Publisher(s): Wiley
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Summary
Author Biography
The late RICHARD M. BARKER, PhD, PE, was Professor Emeritus of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Dr. Barker spent more than fifty years as a structural designer, project engineer, researcher, and teacher.
JAY A. PUCKETT, PhD, PE, is a Charles W. and Margre H. Durham Distinguished Professor and Director of The Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Dr. Puckett is also an Emeritus Professor at the University of Wyoming and President of BridgeTech, Inc. in Laramie, WY, a consulting firm that specializes in software development for bridge engineering.
Table of Contents
PART I GENERAL ASPECTS OF BRIDGE DESIGN
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO BRIDGE ENGINEERING
1.1 A Bridge Is the Key Element in a Transportation System
1.2 Bridge Engineering in the United States
1.2.1 Stone Arch Bridges
1.2.2 Wooden Bridges
1.2.3 Metal Truss Bridges
1.2.4 Suspension Bridges
1.2.5 Metal Arch Bridges
1.2.6 Reinforced Concrete Bridges
1.2.7 Girder Bridges
1.2.8 Closing Remarks
1.3 Bridge Engineer—Planner, Architect, Designer, Constructor, and Facility Manager
References
Problems
CHAPTER 2 SPECIFICATIONS AND BRIDGE FAILURES
2.1 Bridge Specifications
2.2 Implication of Bridge Failures on Practice
2.2.1 Silver Bridge, Point Pleasant, West Virginia, December 15, 1967
2.2.2 I-5 and I-210 Interchange, San Fernando, California, February 9, 1971
2.2.3 Sunshine Skyway, Tampa Bay, Florida, May 9, 1980
2.2.4 Mianus River Bridge, Greenwich, Connecticut, June 28, 1983
2.2.5 Schoharie Creek Bridge, Amsterdam, New York, April 5, 1987
2.2.6 Cypress Viaduct, Loma Prieta Earthquake, October 17, 1989
2.2.7 I-35W Bridge, Minneapolis, Minnesota, August 1, 2007
2.2.8 Failures During Construction
2.2.9 Failures Continue and Current Data
2.3 Evolving Bridge Engineering Practice
References
Problems
CHAPTER 3 BRIDGE AESTHETICS
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Nature of the Structural Design Process
3.2.1 Description and Justification
3.2.2 Public and Personal Knowledge
3.2.3 Regulation
3.2.4 Design Process
3.3 Aesthetics in Bridge Design
3.3.1 Definition of Aesthetics
3.3.2 Qualities of Aesthetic Design
3.3.3 Practical Guidelines for Medium- and Short-Span Bridges
3.3.4 Computer Modeling
3.3.5 Web References
3.3.6 Closing Remarks on Aesthetics
References
Problems
CHAPTER 4 BRIDGE TYPES AND SELECTION
4.1 Main Structure below the Deck Line
4.2 Main Structure above the Deck Line
4.3 Main Structure Coincides with the Deck Line
4.4 Closing Remarks on Bridge Types
4.5 Selection of Bridge Type
4.5.1 Factors To Be Considered
4.5.2 Bridge Types Used for Different Span Lengths
4.5.3 Closing Remarks
References
Problems
CHAPTER 5 DESIGN LIMIT STATES
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Development of Design Procedures
5.2.1 Allowable Stress Design
5.2.2 Variability of Loads
5.2.3 Shortcomings of Allowable Stress Design
5.2.4 Load and Resistance Factor Design
5.3 Design Limit States
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Service Limit State
5.3.3 Fatigue and Fracture Limit State
5.3.4 Strength Limit State
5.3.5 Extreme Event Limit State
5.3.6 Extreme Event Limit State
5.4 Closing Remarks
References
Problems
CHAPTER 6 PRINCIPLES OF PROBABILISTIC DESIGN
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Frequency Distribution and Mean Value
6.1.2 Standard Deviation
6.1.3 Probability Density Functions
6.1.4 Bias Factor
6.1.5 Coefficient of Variation
6.1.6 Probability of Failure
6.1.7 Safety Index β
6.2 Calibration of LRFD Code
6.2.1 Overview of the Calibration Process
6.2.2 Calibration Using Reliability Theory
6.2.3 Calibration of Fitting with ASD
6.3 Closing Remarks
References
Problems
CHAPTER 7 GEOMETRIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
7.1 Introduction to Geometric Roadway Considerations
7.2 Roadway Widths
7.3 Vertical Clearances
7.4 Interchanges
References
Problems
PART II LOADS AND ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 8 LOADS
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Gravity Loads
8.2.1 Permanent Loads
8.2.2 Transient Loads
8.3 Lateral Loads
8.3.1 Fluid Forces
8.3.2 Seismic Loads
8.3.3 Ice Forces
8.4 Forces Due to Deformations
8.4.1 Temperature
8.4.2 Creep and Shrinkage
8.4.3 Settlement
8.5 Collision Loads
8.5.1 Vessel Collision
8.5.2 Rail Collision
8.5.3 Vehicle Collision
8.6 Blast Loading
8.7 Summary
References
Problems
CHAPTER 9 INFLUENCE FUNCTIONS AND GIRDER-LINE ANALYSIS
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Definition
9.3 Statically Determinate Beams
9.3.1 Concentrated Loads
9.3.2 Uniform Loads
9.4 Muller–Breslau Principle
9.4.1 Betti’s Theorem
9.4.2 Theory of Muller–Breslau Principle
9.4.3 Qualitative Influence Functions
9.5 Statically Indeterminate Beams
9.5.1 Integration of Influence Functions
9.5.2 Relationship between Influence Functions
9.5.3 Muller–Breslau Principle for End Moments
9.5.4 Automation by Matrix Structural Analysis
9.6 Normalized Influence Functions
9.7 AASHTO Vehicle Loads
9.8 Influence Surfaces
9.9 Summary
CHAPTER 10 SYSTEM ANALYSIS—INTRODUCTION
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Safety of Methods
10.2.1 Equilibrium for Safe Design
10.2.2 Stress Reversal and Residual Stress
10.2.3 Repetitive Overloads
10.2.4 Fatigue and Serviceability
10.3 Summary
References
Problem
CHAPTER 11 SYSTEM ANALYSIS—GRAVITY LOADS
11.1 Slab Girder Bridges
11.2 Slab Bridges
11.3 Slabs in Slab Girder Bridges
11.4 Box Girder Bridges
11.5 Closing Remarks
References
Problems
CHAPTER 12 SYSTEM ANALYSIS—LATERAL, TEMPERATURE, SHRINKAGE, AND PRESTRESS LOADS
12.1 Lateral Load Analysis
12.1.1 Wind Loads
12.1.2 Seismic Load Analysis
12.2 Temperature, Shrinkage, and Prestress
12.2.1 General
12.2.2 Prestressing
12.2.3 Temperature Effects
12.2.4 Shrinkage and Creep
12.3 Closing Remarks
References
PART III CONCRETE BRIDGES
CHAPTER 13 REINFORCED CONCRETE MATERIAL RESPONSE AND PROPERTIES
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Material Response
13.3 Constituents of Fresh Concrete
13.4 Properties of Hardened Concrete
13.4.1 Short-Term Properties of Concrete
13.4.2 Long-Term Properties of Concrete
13.5 Properties of Steel Reinforcement
13.5.1 Nonprestressed Steel Reinforcement
13.5.2 Prestressing Steel
References
Problems
CHAPTER 14 BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS
14.1 Limit States
14.1.1 Service Limit State
14.1.2 Fatigue Limit State
14.1.3 Strength Limit State
14.1.4 Extreme Event Limit State
14.2 Flexural Strength of Reinforced Concrete Members
14.2.1 Depth to Neutral Axis for Beams with Bonded Tendons
14.2.2 Depth to Neutral Axis for Beams with Unbonded Tendons
14.2.3 Nominal Flexural Strength
14.2.4 Ductility, Maximum Tensile Reinforcement, and Resistance Factor Adjustment
14.2.5 Minimum Tensile Reinforcement
14.2.6 Loss of Prestress
14.3 Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Members
14.3.1 Variable-Angle Truss Model
14.3.2 Modified Compression Field Theory
14.3.3 Shear Design Using Modified Compression Field Theory
14.4 Closing Remarks
References
Problems
CHAPTER 15 CONCRETE BARRIER STRENGTH AND DECK DESIGN
15.1 Concrete Barrier Strength
15.1.1 Strength of Uniform Thickness Barrier Wall
15.1.2 Strength of Variable Thickness Barrier Wall
15.1.3 Crash Testing of Barriers
15.2 Concrete Deck Design
References
Problems
CHAPTER 16 CONCRETE DESIGN EXAMPLES
16.1 Solid Slab Bridge Design
16.2 T-Beam Bridge Design
16.3 Prestressed Girder Bridge
References
PART IV STEEL BRIDGES
CHAPTER 17 STEEL BRIDGES
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Material Properties
17.2.1 Steelmaking Process: Traditional
17.2.2 Steelmaking Process: Mini Mills
17.2.3 Steelmaking Process: Environmental Considerations
17.2.4 Production of Finished Products
17.2.5 Residual Stresses
17.2.6 Heat Treatments
17.2.7 Classification of Structural Steels
17.2.8 Effects of Repeated Stress (Fatigue)
17.2.9 Brittle Fracture Considerations
17.3 Summary
References
Problem
CHAPTER 18 LIMIT STATES AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
18.1 Limit States
18.1.1 Service Limit State
18.1.2 Fatigue and Fracture Limit State
18.1.3 Strength Limit States
18.1.4 Extreme Event Limit State
18.2 General Design Requirements
18.2.1 Effective Length of Span
18.2.2 Dead-Load Camber
18.2.3 Minimum Thickness of Steel
18.2.4 Diaphragms and Cross Frames
18.2.5 Lateral Bracing
References
Problems
CHAPTER 19 STEEL COMPONENT RESISTANCE
19.1 Tensile Members
19.1.1 Types of Connections
19.1.2 Tensile Resistance—Specifications
19.1.3 Strength of Connections for Tension Members
19.2 Compression Members
19.2.1 Column Stability—Behavior
19.2.2 Inelastic Buckling—Behavior
19.2.3 Compressive Resistance—Specifications
19.2.4 Connections for Compression Members
19.3 I-Sections in Flexure
19.3.1 General
19.3.2 Yield Moment and Plastic Moment
19.3.3 Stability Related to Flexural Resistance
19.3.4 Limit States
19.3.5 Summary of I-Sections in Flexure
19.3.6 Closing Remarks on I-Sections in Flexure
19.4 Shear Resistance of I-Sections
19.4.1 Beam Action Shear Resistance
19.4.2 Tension Field Action Shear Resistance
19.4.3 Combined Shear Resistance
19.4.4 Shear Resistance of Unstiffened Webs
19.5 Shear Connectors
19.5.1 Fatigue Limit State for Stud Connectors
19.5.2 Strength Limit State for Stud Connectors
19.6 Stiffeners
19.6.1 Transverse Intermediate Stiffeners
19.6.2 Bearing Stiffeners
References
Problems
CHAPTER 20 STEEL DESIGN EXAMPLES
20.1 Noncomposite Rolled Steel Beam Bridge
20.2 Composite Rolled Steel Beam Bridge
20.3 Multiple-Span Composite Steel Plate Girder Beam Bridge
APPENDIX A INFLUENCE FUNCTIONS FOR DECK ANALYSIS
APPENDIX B TRANSVERSE DECK MOMENTS PER AASHTO APPENDIX A4
APPENDIX C METAL REINFORCEMENT INFORMATION
APPENDIX D REFINED ESTIMATE OF TIME-DEPENDENT LOSSES
References
APPENDIX E NCHRP 12-33 PROJECT TEAM
Task Groups
APPENDIX F LIVE-LOAD DISTRIBUTION—RIGID METHOD
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