Fundamentals of Biomechanics,9780306474743

Fundamentals of Biomechanics

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Edition: 1st
ISBN13: 9780306474743
ISBN10: 0306474743
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2003-06-01
Publisher(s): Springer Verlag
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Summary

Fundamentals of Biomechanics introduces the exciting world of how human movement is created and how it can be improved. Teachers, coaches and physical therapists all use biomechanics to help people improve movement and decrease the risk of injury. The book presents a comprehensive review of the major concepts of biomechanics and summarizes them in nine principles of biomechanics. Fundamentals of Biomechanics concludes by showing how these principles can be used by movement professionals to improve human movement. Specific case studies are presented in physical education, coaching, strength and conditioning, and sports medicine.

Author Biography

Duane Knudson is Associate Chair and Associate Professor of biomechanics in the Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science at California State University, Chico.

Table of Contents

Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
PART I
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO BIOMECHANICS OF HUMAN MOVEMENT
WHAT IS BIOMECHANICS?
3(2)
WHY STUDY BIOMECHANICS?
5(7)
Improving Performance
5(4)
Preventing and Treating Injury
9(2)
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
11(1)
WHERE CAN I FIND OUT ABOUT BIOMECHANICS?
12(4)
Scholarly Societies
13(1)
Computer Searches
14(1)
Biomechanics Textbooks
15(1)
BIOMECHANICAL KNOWLEDGE VERSUS INFORMATION
16(4)
Kinds of sources
16(2)
Evaluating Sources
18(1)
A Word About Right and Wrong Answers
18(2)
SUMMARY
20(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
20(1)
KEY TERMS
20(1)
SUGGESTED READING
20(2)
WEB LINKS
22(1)
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMECHANICS AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
KEY MECHANICAL CONCEPTS
23(6)
Mechanics
23(2)
Basic Units
25(4)
NINE FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMECHANICS
29(6)
Principles and Laws
29(1)
Nine Principles for Application of Biomechanics
30(5)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
35(1)
SUMMARY
36(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
36(1)
KEY TERMS
37(1)
SUGGESTED READING
37(1)
WEB LINKS
37(4)
PART II BIOLOGICAL/STRUCTURAL BASES
CHAPTER 3 ANATOMICAL DESCRIPTION AND ITS LIMITATIONS
REVIEW OF KEY ANATOMICAL CONCEPTS
41(8)
Directional Terms
42(1)
Joint Motions
43(3)
Review of Muscle Structure
46(3)
MUSCLE ACTIONS
49(4)
Active and Passive Tension of Muscle
51(1)
Hill Muscle Model
52(1)
THE LIMITATIONS OF FUNCTIONAL ANATOMICAL ANALYSIS
53(7)
Mechanical Method of Muscle Action Analysis
53(3)
The Need for Biomechanics to Understand Muscle Actions
56(4)
Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Applications
60(1)
RANGE-OF-MOTION PRINCIPLE
60(3)
FORCE-MOTION PRINCIPLE
63(2)
SUMMARY
65(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
65(1)
KEY TERMS
66(1)
SUGGESTED READING
66(1)
WEB LINKS
67(2)
CHAPTER 4 MECHANICS OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
TISSUE LOADS
69(1)
RESPONSES OF TISSUES TO FORCES
69(6)
Stress
70(1)
Strain
70(1)
Stiffness and Mechanical Strength
71(1)
Viscoelasticity
72(3)
BIOMECHANICS OF THE PASSIVE MUSCLE-TENDON UNIT (MTU)
75(1)
BIOMECHANICS OF BONE
76(1)
BIOMECHANICS OF LIGAMENTS
77(2)
THREE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCLE
79(9)
Force-Velocity Relationship
79(5)
Force-Length Relationship
84(2)
Force-Time Relationship
86(2)
STRETCH-SHORTENING CYCLE (SSC)
88(4)
FORCE-TIME PRINCIPLE
92(2)
NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL
94(5)
Functional Unit of Control: Motor Units
94(1)
Regulation of Muscle Force
95(3)
Proprioception of Muscle Action and Movement
98(1)
SUMMARY
99(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
100(1)
KEY TERMS
101(1)
SUGGESTED READING
101(81)
WEB LINKS
182
PART III MECHANICAL BASES
CHAPTER 5 LINEAR AND ANGULAR KINEMATICS
LINEAR MOTION
105(10)
Speed and Velocity
107(4)
Acceleration
111(2)
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
113(2)
OPTIMAL PROJECTION PRINCIPLE
115(4)
ANGULAR MOTION
119(6)
Angular Velocity
120(1)
Angular Acceleration
121(4)
COORDINATION CONTINUUM PRINCIPLE
125(2)
SUMMARY
127(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
127(1)
KEY TERMS
128(1)
SUGGESTED READING
128(1)
WEB LINKS
129(2)
CHAPTER 6 LINEAR KINETICS
LAWS OF KINETICS
131(1)
NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION
131(6)
Newton's First Law and First Impressions
131(3)
Newton's Second Law
134(1)
Newton's Third Law
135(2)
INERTIA PRINCIPLE
137(2)
MUSCLE ANGLE OF PULL: QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF VECTORS
139(4)
Qualitative Vector Analysis of Muscle Angle of Pull
139(2)
Quantitative Vector Analysis of Muscle Angle of Pull
141(2)
CONTACT FORCES
143(2)
IMPULSE-MOMENTUM RELATIONSHIP
145(2)
FORCE-TIME PRINCIPLE
147(2)
WORK-ENERGY RELATIONSHIP
149(9)
Mechanical Energy
149(4)
Mechanical Work
153(2)
Mechanical Power
155(3)
SEGMENTAL INTERACTION PRINCIPLE
158(4)
SUMMARY
162(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
163(1)
KEY TERMS
164(1)
SUGGESTED READING
164(1)
WEB LINKS
165(2)
CHAPTER 7 ANGULAR KINETICS
TORQUE
167(4)
SUMMING TORQUES
171(1)
ANGULAR INERTIA (MOMENT OF INERTIA)
172(4)
NEWTONS ANGULAR ANALOGUES
176(1)
EQUILIBRIUM
177(1)
CENTER OF GRAVITY
178(3)
PRINCIPLE OF BALANCE
181(6)
SUMMARY
187(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
187(1)
KEY TERMS
188(1)
SUGGESTED READING
188(1)
WEB LINKS
189(2)
CHAPTER 8 FLUID MECHANICS
FLUIDS
191(1)
FLUID FORCES
191(15)
Buoyancy
191(2)
Drag
193(5)
Lift
198(3)
The Magnus Effect
201(5)
PRINCIPLE OF SPIN
206(2)
SUMMARY
208(1)
KEY TERMS
208(1)
REVIEW QUESTIONS
208(1)
SUGGESTED READING
208(1)
WEB LINKS
209(4)
PART IV APPLICATIONS OF BIOMECHANICS IN QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 9 APPLYING BIOMECHANICS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF KICKING TECHNIQUE
213(3)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF BATTING
216(1)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE BASKETBALL FREE THROW
217(1)
EXERCISE /ACTIVITY PRESCRIPTION
218(2)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CATCHING
220(2)
SUMMARY
222(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
222(1)
SUGGESTED READING
222(1)
WEB LINKS
223(2)
CHAPTER 10 APPLYING BIOMECHANICS IN COACHING
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THROWING TECHNIQUE
225(1)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DRIBBLING TECHNIQUE
226(2)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CONDITIONING
228(1)
RECRUITMENT
229(2)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CATCHING
231(1)
SUMMARY
232(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
232(1)
SUGGESTED READING
232(1)
WEB LINKS
233(2)
CHAPTER 11 APPLYING BIOMECHANICS IN STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SQUAT TECHNIQUE
235(2)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DROP JUMPS
237(1)
EXERCISE SPECIFICITY
238(2)
INJURY RISK
240(2)
EQUIPMENT
242(1)
SUMMARY
242(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
243(1)
SUGGESTED READING
244(1)
WEB LINKS
244(1)
CHAPTER 12 APPLYING BIOMECHANICS IN SPORTS MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
INJURY MECHANISMS
245(1)
EXERCISE SPECIFICITY
246(2)
EQUIPMENT
248(1)
READINESS
249(1)
SUMMARY
250(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
250(1)
SUGGESTED READING
251(1)
WEB LINKS
252(1)
REFERENCES 253(24)
APPENDIX A
GLOSSARY
277(14)
APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
291(2)
APPENDIX C
SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO SELECTED REVIEW QUESTIONS
293(6)
APPENDIX D
RIGHT-ANGLE TRIGONOMETRY REVIEW
299(2)
APPENDIX E
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOMECHANICAL PRINCIPLES
301(2)
INDEX 303
LAB ACTIVITIES
1 FINDING BIOMECHANICAL SOURCES L-2
2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF RANGE OF MOTION L-4
3 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY? L-6
4 MUSCLE ACTIONS AND THE STRETCHSHORTENING CYCLE (SSC) L-8
5 VELOCITY IN SPRINTING L-10
6A TOP GUN KINETICS: FORCE-MOTION PRINCIPLE L-12
6B IMPULSE-MOMENTUM: FORCE-TIME PRINCIPLE L-14
7 ANGULAR KINETICS OF EXERCISE L-16
8 MAGNUS EFFECT IN BASEBALL PITCHING L-18
9 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAD-UP ACTIVITIES L-20
10 COMPARISON OF SKILLED AND NOVICE PERFORMANCE L-22
11 COMPARISON OF TRAINING MODES L-24
12 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WALKING GAIT L-26

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