Gas Turbine Performance,9780632064342

Gas Turbine Performance

by ;
Edition: 2nd
ISBN13: 9780632064342
ISBN10: 063206434X
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2004-03-26
Publisher(s): Wiley-Blackwell
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Summary

A significant addition to the literature on gas turbine technology, the second edition of Gas Turbine Performance is a lengthy text covering product advances and technological developments. Including extensive figures, charts, tables and formulae, this book will interest everyone concerned with gas turbine technology, whether they are designers, marketing staff or users.

Author Biography

Philip Walsh is a Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society, a Rolls-Royce Fellow and a Chartered Engineer. He is also an external lecturer at Cranfield University Paul Fletcher is a member of the Royal Aeronautical Society and a Chartered Engineer

Table of Contents

Foreword to the first edition ix
Preface xi
Gas Turbine Engine Configurations 1(8)
Gas Turbine Engine Applications
9(52)
Introduction
9(1)
Comparison of gas turbine and diesel engines
9(1)
Power generation applications
10(6)
Industrial mechanical drive applications
16(2)
Automotive applications
18(7)
Marine applications
25(6)
Aircraft applications -- propulsion requirements
31(5)
Shaft powered aircraft -- turboprops and turboshafts
36(2)
Thrust propelled aircraft -- turbofans, turbojets and ramjets
38(3)
Auxiliary power units (APUs)
41(20)
Formulae
43(3)
Sample calculations
46(4)
Charts
50(10)
References
60(1)
The Operational Envelope
61(41)
Introduction
61(1)
The environmental envelope
61(3)
Installation pressure losses
64(1)
The flight envelope
65(37)
Formulae
69(3)
Sample calculations
72(5)
Charts
77(24)
References
101(1)
Properties and Charts for Dry Air, Combustion Products and other Working Fluids
102(41)
Introduction
102(1)
Description of fundamental gas properties
102(1)
Description of key thermodynamic parameters
103(2)
Composition of dry air and combustion products
105(1)
The use of CP and gamma, or specific enthalpy and entropy, in calculations
105(1)
Data base for fundamental and thermodynamic gas properties
106(2)
Charts showing interrelationships of key thermodynamic parameters
108(35)
Formulae
113(6)
Sample calculations
119(7)
Charts
126(16)
References
142(1)
Dimensionless, Quasidimensionless, Referred and Scaling Parameter Groups
143(16)
Introduction
143(1)
The importance of parameter groups
143(1)
Tables of parameter groups and description
144(1)
Examples of applications
145(3)
Second-order effects -- steady state performance
148(2)
Second-order effects -- engine scaling
150(1)
Second-order effects -- transient performance
150(1)
Why components and engines adhere to the parameter group relationships
151(8)
Sample calculations
152(2)
Charts
154(4)
References
158(1)
Gas Turbine Engine Components
159(133)
Introduction
159(1)
Axial compressors -- design point performance and basic sizing
159(7)
Axial flow compressors -- off design performance
166(12)
Centrifugal compressors -- design point performance and basic sizing
178(7)
Centrifugal compressors -- off design performance
185(1)
Fans -- design point performance and basic sizing
186(4)
Fans -- off design performance
190(1)
Combustors -- design point performance and basic sizing
191(7)
Combustors -- off design performance
198(4)
Axial flow turbines -- design point performance and basic sizing guidelines
202(4)
Axial flow turbines -- off design performance
206(4)
Radial turbines -- design
210(5)
Radial turbines -- off design performance
215(1)
Ducts -- design
215(9)
Ducts -- off design performance
224(1)
Air systems, turbine NGV and blade cooling -- design point performance
225(4)
Air systems -- off design performance
229(1)
Mechanical losses -- design point performance and basic sizing
229(2)
Mechanical losses -- off design performance
231(1)
Mixers -- design point performance and basic sizing
232(3)
Mixers -- off design performance
235(1)
Afterburners -- design point performance and basic sizing
235(4)
Afterburners -- off design performance
239(2)
Heat exchangers -- design point performance and basic sizing
241(4)
Heat exchangers -- off design performance
245(1)
Alternators -- design point performance
246(1)
Alternators -- off design performance
247(45)
Formulae
248(12)
Sample calculations
260(13)
Charts
273(17)
References
290(2)
Design Point Performance and Engine Concept Design
292(91)
Introduction
292(1)
Design Point and off design performance calculations
292(1)
Design point performance parameters
293(3)
Design point calculation and diagram
296(1)
Linearly scaling components and engines
297(1)
Design point exchange rates
297(1)
Ground rules for generic design point diagrams
297(1)
Open shaft power cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
298(4)
Combined heat and power: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
302(1)
Closed cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
302(1)
Aircraft engine shaft power cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
303(1)
Aircraft engine thrust cycles: generic design point diagrams and exchange rates
303(3)
The engine concept design process
306(3)
Margins required when specifying target performance levels
309(74)
Formulae
310(2)
Sample calculations
312(21)
Charts
333(49)
References
382(1)
Off Design Performance
383(61)
Introduction
383(1)
Generic off design characteristics
383(8)
Off design performance modelling -- methodology
391(2)
Off design performance modelling -- flow diagrams and sample calculations
393(12)
Geometric variation: modelling and effects
405(2)
Engine scaling and different working fluids
407(1)
Off design matching: physical mechanisms
407(2)
Exchange rates
409(1)
Ratings and control
410(34)
Formulae
413(1)
Sample calculations
413(7)
Charts
420(23)
References
443(1)
Transient Performance
444(33)
Introduction
444(1)
The fundamental transient mechanism
444(1)
Transient performance manoeuvres
445(6)
Engine accel and decel requirements
451(2)
Transient performance phenomena
453(2)
Operability concerns
455(2)
Surge, rotating stall and locked stall -- the events and their detection
457(2)
Surge margin requirements and the surge margin stack up
459(1)
Parameter groups and transient performance
460(1)
Scaling parameter groups and transient performance
460(1)
Control strategies during transient manoeuvres
461(4)
Transient performance and control models
465(12)
Formulae
472(2)
Sample calculations
474(1)
References
475(2)
Starting
477(24)
Introduction
477(1)
The fundamental starting process
477(5)
Start processes for major engine types and applications
482(3)
Engine start requirements
485(2)
The impact of ambient temperature and pressure
487(2)
Operability issues
489(1)
Starting and parameter groups
490(1)
Control strategies during start manoeuvres
490(1)
Starter system variants and selection
491(4)
Start and control models
495(6)
Formulae
496(1)
Sample calculations
497(3)
References
500(1)
Windmilling
501(18)
Introduction
501(1)
Turbojet windmilling
501(3)
Turbofan windmilling
504(1)
Turboprop windmilling
505(1)
Industrial engine windmilling
506(1)
Marine engine windmilling
506(1)
The effect of ambient conditions
507(1)
Scaling an engine
507(1)
Windmill testing
507(1)
Windmill computer modelling
507(12)
Formulae
508(1)
Sample calculations
508(3)
Charts
511(7)
References
518(1)
Engine Performance Testing
519(45)
Introduction
519(1)
Types of engine test bed
519(6)
Measurements and instrumentation
525(16)
Test bed calibration
541(1)
Steady state development testing
542(3)
Transient development testing
545(2)
Application testing
547(1)
Production pass off
547(2)
Test data analysis
549(15)
Formulae
554(4)
Sample calculations
558(4)
References
562(2)
The Effects of Water -- Liquid, Steam and Ice
564(23)
Introduction
564(1)
Gas properties
564(1)
Humidity
565(1)
Water injection
566(5)
Steam injection
571(2)
Condensation
573(1)
Rain and ice ingestion
574(1)
The thermodynamics of water
575(2)
Gas turbine performance modelling and test data analysis
577(10)
Formulae
581(2)
Sample calculations
583(2)
Charts
585(1)
References
586(1)
Fuel and Oil Properties and their Impact
587(12)
Introduction
587(1)
The combustion process and gas turbine fuel types
587(2)
Data base of key fuel properties for performance calculations
589(3)
Synthesis exchange rates for primary fuel types
592(1)
Oil types and data base of key properties
593(6)
Formulae
593(2)
Sample calculations
595(2)
Charts
597(1)
References
598(1)
Performance of In-Service Products
599(8)
Introduction
599(1)
Instrumentation and test data analysis
599(1)
Traditional in-service performance issues
600(1)
Unit health monitoring
601(4)
Other services
605(2)
Formulae
606(1)
References
606(1)
Performance and the Economics of Gas Turbine Engines
607(10)
Introduction
607(1)
The business case for a gas turbine project
607(4)
Coupling the business case to the performance model
611(1)
Operational planning using in-service models
612(1)
Business case exchange rates
613(1)
Product development exchange rates
614(3)
Formulae
614(1)
Sample calculations
614(2)
References
616(1)
Appendix A: Station Numbering and Nomenclature
617(8)
A.0 Introduction
617(1)
A.1 International station numbering and nomenclature standards
617(1)
A.2 ARP 755A station numbering
618(1)
A.3 Nomenclature
619(4)
A.4 Customer deck requirements
623(2)
References
623(2)
Appendix B: Unit Conversions
625(6)
B.0 Introduction
625(1)
B.1 Acceleration
625(1)
B.2 Area
625(1)
B.3 Density
625(1)
B.4 Emissions (approx.)
625(1)
B.5 Energy
626(1)
B.6 Force
626(1)
B.7 Fuel consumption
626(1)
B.8 Length
626(1)
B.9 Mass
627(1)
B.10 Moment of inertia
627(1)
B.11 Momentum -- angular
627(1)
B.12 Momentum -- linear
627(1)
B.13 Power
627(1)
B.14 Pressure
627(1)
B.15 Specific energy
627(1)
B.16 Specific fuel consumption (SFC)
628(1)
B.17 Specific heat
628(1)
B.18 Specific thrust
628(1)
B.19 Stress
628(1)
B.20 Temperature
628(1)
B.21 Thermal Efficiency
628(1)
B.22 Torque
628(1)
B.23 Velocity -- angular
629(1)
B.24 Velocity -- linear
629(1)
B.25 Viscosity -- dynamic
629(1)
B.26 Viscosity -- kinematic
629(1)
B.27 Volume
629(2)
References
629(2)
Index 631

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