The Heart of Mathematics: An Invitation to Effective Thinking

by ;
Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2004-06-01
Publisher(s): JOHN WILEY & SONS
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Summary

The Heart of Mathematics addresses the big ideas of mathematics (many of which are cutting edge research topics) in a non-computational style intended to be both read and enjoyed by students and instructors, as well as by motivated general readers. It features an engaging, lively, humorous style full of surprises, games, mind-benders, and all without either sacrificing good mathematical thought or relying on mathematical computation or symbols. The authors are award-winning authors, holding awards such as: Distinguished Teaching Award (Burger, from the Mathematical Association of America); Chauvenet Prize (the best expository mathematics writer in the world, Burger, from the MAA) and many others.

Table of Contents

BUT FIRST, A WORD FROM OUR SPONSORS ix
WELCOME! xi
SURFING THE BOOK xv
CHAPTER ONE Fun and Games 2(36)
An Introduction to Rigorous Thought
1.1 Silly Stories Each with a Moral
4(10)
Conundrums that Evoke Techniques of Effective Thinking
1.2 Nudges
14(4)
Leading Questions and Hints for Resolving the Stories
1.3 The Punch Lines
18(9)
Solutions and Further Commentary
1.4 From Play to Power
27(11)
Discovering Strategies of Thought for Life
CHAPTER TWO Number Contemplation 38(98)
2.1 Counting
40(9)
How the Pigeonhole Principle Leads to Precision Through Estimation
2.2 Numerical Patterns in Nature
49(15)
Discovering the Beauty of the Fibonacci Numbers
2.3 Prime Cuts of Numbers
64(18)
How the Prime Numbers Are the Building Blocks of All Natural Numbers
2.4 Crazy Clocks and Checking Out Bars
82(13)
Cyclical Clock Arithmetic and Bar Codes
2.5 Public Secret Codes and How to Become a Spy
95(15)
Encrypting Information Using Modular Arithmetic and Primes
2.6 The Irrational Side of Numbers
110(11)
Are There Numbers Beyond Fractions?
2.7 Get Real
121(15)
The Point of Decimals and Pinpointing Numbers on the Real Line
CHAPTER THREE Infinity 136(70)
3.1 Beyond Numbers
138(7)
What Does Infinity Mean?
3.2 Comparing the Infinite
145(17)
Pairing Up Collections via a One-to-One Correspondence
3.3 The Missing Member
162(11)
Georg Cantor Answers: Are Some Infinities Larger Than Others?
3.4 Travels Toward the Stratosphere of Infinities
173(17)
The Power Set and the Question of an Infinite Galaxy of Infinities
3.5 Straightening Up the Circle
190(16)
Exploring the Infinite Within Geometrical Objects
CHAPTER FOUR Geometric Gems 206(120)
4.1 Pythagoras and His Hypotenuse
208(10)
How a Puzzle Leads to the Proof of One of the Gems of Mathematics
4.2 A View of an Art Gallery
218(14)
Using Computational Geometry to Place Security Cameras in Museums
4.3 The Sexiest Rectangle
232(17)
Finding Aesthetics in Life, Art, and Math Through the Golden Rectangle
4.4 Smoothing Symmetry and Spinning Pinwheels
249(20)
Can a Floor Be Tiled Without Any Repeating Pattern?
4.5 The Platonic Solids Turn Amorous
269(20)
Discovering the Symmetry and Interconnections Among the Platonic Solids
4.6 The Shape of Reality?
289(18)
How Straight Lines Can Bend in Non-Euclidean Geometries
4.7 The Fourth Dimension
307(19)
Can You See It?
CHAPTER FIVE Contortions of Space 326(76)
5.1 Rubber Sheet Geometry
328(18)
Discovering the Topological Idea of Equivalence by Distortion
5.2 The Band That Wouldn't Stop Playing
346(13)
Experimenting with the Mobius Band and Klein Bottle
5.3 Feeling Edgy?
359(15)
Exploring Relationships Among Vertices, Edges, and Faces
5.4 Knots and Links
374(15)
Untangling Ropes and Rings
5.5 Fixed Points, Hot Loops, and Rainy Days
389(13)
How the Certainty of Fixed Points Implies Certain Weather Phenomena
CHAPTER SIX Chaos and Fractals 402(112)
6.1 Images
404(8)
Viewing a Gallery of Fractals
6.2 The Dynamics of Change
412(18)
Can Change Be Modeled by Repeated Applications of Simple Processes?
6.3 The Infinitely Detailed Beauty of Fractals
430(28)
How to Create Works of Infinite Intricacy Through Repeated Processes
6.4 The Mysterious Art of Imaginary Fractals
458(24)
Creating Julia and Mandelbrot Sets by Stepping Out in the Complex Plane
6.5 Predetermined Chaos
482(21)
How Repeated Simple Processes Result in Utter Chaos
6.6 Between Dimensions
503(11)
Can the Dimensions of Fractals Fall Through the Cracks?
CHAPTER SEVEN Taming Uncertainty 514(114)
7.1 Chance Surprises
516(7)
Some Scenarios Involving Chance That Confound Our Intuition
7.2 Predicting the Future in an Uncertain World
523(18)
How to Measure Uncertainty Using the Idea of Probability
7.3 Random Thoughts
541(13)
Are Coincidences as Truly Amazing as They First Appear?
7.4 Down for the Count
554(17)
Systematically Counting All Possible Outcomes
7.5 Collecting Data Rather than Dust
571(14)
The Power and Pitfalls of Statistics
7.6 What the Average American Has
585(25)
Different Means of Describing Data
7.7 Parenting Peas, Twins, and Hypotheses
610(18)
Making Inferences from Data
CHAPTER EIGHT Deciding Wisely
Applications of Rigorous Thinking
628(2)
8.1 Great Expectations
630(15)
Deciding How to Weigh the Unknown Future
8.2 Risk
645(18)
Deciding Personal and Public Policy
8.3 Money Matters
663(19)
Deciding Between Faring Well and Welfare
8.4 Peril at the Polls
682(18)
Deciding Who Actually Wins an Election
8.5 Cutting Cake for Greedy People
700(16)
Deciding How to Slice Up Scarce Resources
FAREWELL 716(3)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: SECOND EDITION 719(3)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: FIRST EDITION 722(3)
HINTS AND SOLUTIONS 725(22)
INDEX 747(11)
CREDITS 758

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