Introducing Sociology A Critical Perspective

by
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1996-06-27
Publisher(s): Oxford University Press
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Summary

In this major revision of his earlier Sociology Revisited , Murray Knuttila examines the trends and theories in the discipline of sociology. Although each of these perspectives--structural functionalist, Marxist and neo-Marxist, symbolic interactionist--offers insights into understanding the human condition and society, none can provide satisfactory answers to all the questions that sociologists pose. Knuttila proposes an alternative approach--adapted from the work of British sociologist Anthony Giddens and infused with the philosophy of the American sociologist C.W. Mills-- that begins by examining the structure or organization of biological reproduction and material production within a society. As he notes, "most of the important new directions in sociological thinking and analysis during the past two decades have been stimulated and influenced by feminism", and recnet feminist studies on work and the family are of great significance to sociology today. Consequently, this new approach to social analysis draws on feminist theory and on materialist analysis. Introducing Sociology: A Critical Perspective introduces students to the basic principles of the sociological perspective and to the basic concepts and language of sociology, as well as to "the promise" of the sociological imagination as laid out by C.W. Mills. Knuttila writes: "to understand ourselves, we must be capable of answering questions that draw our attention to the impact of the social environment on ourselves and others." To illustrate the nature of social analysis, Knuttila focuses on the issues of social inequality, political power, deviance, and familial relations.

Author Biography


A native of Saskatchewan, Murray Knuttila teaches in the Department of Sociology and Social Studies at the University of Regina

Table of Contents

Preface 9(2)
PART I THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE AND THE BASIC LANGUAGE OF SOCIOLOGY 11(116)
1. Understanding Human Behaviour
13(14)
Science as a Way of Knowing
14(2)
Sociology and the Social Sciences
16(3)
Sociology as the Study of Structure and Agency
19(1)
The Sociological Imagination and Its "Promise"
20(3)
Developing the Sociological Perspective
23(2)
Getting On with Sociological Analysis
25(1)
Terms and Concepts
26(1)
2. Homo Sapiens: Biology and Culture
27(27)
Physiological Needs and Drives
28(1)
Instincts
29(4)
Human Physiology
33(8)
Culture: The Work of Ruth Benedict and Margaret Mead
41(8)
The Characteristics of Culture
49(3)
Terms and Concepts
52(2)
3. Social Structure and the Language of Sociology
54(19)
Culture and Society
55(2)
The Elements of Social Structure
57(13)
The Tools of Sociology
70(1)
Terms and Concepts
70(3)
4. Socialization
73(24)
The Biological Processes
73(3)
The Human Personality
76(1)
Types of Socialization
77(4)
Agents or Agencies of Socialization
81(6)
The Cultural Determinist Position
87(2)
The Cases of Feral Children
89(6)
Terms and Concepts
95(2)
5. Theories of Socialization
97(30)
Conditioning Theory
97(3)
Jean Piaget
100(5)
The Symbolic Interactionist Approach
105(7)
Sigmund Freud
112(7)
Toward a Sociological Synthesis
119(5)
Terms and Concepts
124(3)
PART II THEORIZING SOCIETY 127(66)
6. Science, Theory, and the Origins of Sociology
129(24)
The Historical Background
131(6)
August Comte and the Emergence of a Discipline
137(3)
Marx and the Study of Human Society
140(3)
Emile Durkheim
143(4)
Max Weber's New Blueprint for Analysis
147(3)
Terms and Concepts
150(3)
7. Contemporary Sociological Theory
153(20)
The Structural Functionalist Perspective
154(7)
Neo-Marxist Social Theory
161(6)
The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
167(3)
Conclusion
170(1)
Terms and Concepts
170(3)
8. Classical Sociology's Lacuna: Theorizing Sex and Gender
173(20)
Biological Theories
175(4)
Structural Functionalist Thought
179(3)
Liberal Feminism
182(1)
Marxian Feminism
183(4)
Radical Feminism
187(1)
Socialist Feminism: Hartmann and Barrett
188(2)
Conclusion
190(1)
Terms and Concepts
191(2)
PART III APPLYING SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES AND CONCEPTS 193(86)
9. Explaining Social Inequality
195(36)
Social Inequality in Canada
195(3)
The "Discovery" of Class in North America
198(5)
The Structural Functionalists: Parsons, Davis, and Moore
203(3)
The Dimensions of Social Stratification
206(5)
Marxist Theories of Class
211(6)
Neo-Marxism and Class Analysis
217(4)
The Study of Social Inequality in Canada: New Directions in Class Analysis
221(7)
Terms and Concepts
228(3)
10. The Polity and Political Power
231(17)
Pluralism
232(2)
Power and the Ruling Class: The Marxian Perspective
234(2)
Revising Marx: Neo-Marxism on the State
236(3)
Classical Elite Theory
239(3)
Beyond Class Politics: Feminism and the State
242(4)
Terms and Concepts
246(2)
11. Deviance and Social Control
248(15)
Biological Explanations
249(2)
Emile Durkheim
251(2)
Parsons and Merton
253(3)
Deviant Subcultures
256(1)
Conflict Theory and the Study of Deviance
257(3)
Symbolic Interactionism and Deviance: Labelling Theory
260(1)
Conclusion
260(1)
Terms and Concepts
261(2)
12. Sociological Approaches to the Study of Familial Relations
263(16)
Basic Definitions
264(1)
The Structural Functionalist Approach
265(5)
The Neo-Marxist Approach
270(4)
The Feminist Challenge to Sociological Thought
274(3)
Terms and Concepts
277(2)
POSTSCRIPT: THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION REVISITED AND NEW DIRECTIONS IN SOCIAL THEORY 279(8)
Beyond the Existing Approaches 279(1)
Structuration Theory and an Alternative Framework 280(2)
The Limits of Abstract Theory 282(3)
The Sociological Imagination Revisited 285(2)
References 287(15)
Subject Index 302(4)
Name Index 306

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