Rapid Interpretation of Ventilator Waveforms,9780130814272

Rapid Interpretation of Ventilator Waveforms

by ; ;
Edition: 1st
ISBN13: 9780130814272
ISBN10: 013081427X
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1999-01-01
Publisher(s): Prentice Hall
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Summary

This book guides readers from the basics in ventilator design, function, and management to advanced interpretations of ventilator waveforms. It features a wealth of illustrations of actual ventilator graphics, beginning with the fundamentals of waveform scalars and loops.

Table of Contents

Preface vii
VENTILATOR GRAPHICS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 1(22)
Basic Concepts
1(1)
Effect of Setting Changes on Waveforms
2(2)
Effect of Flow Rate on Inspiratory and Expiratory Time
4(2)
Effect of Resistance and Compliance Changes
6(2)
Scalars
8(2)
Modes of Ventilation and Corresponding Scalars
10(13)
Control Mode
10(3)
Assist Mode
13(2)
Sychronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)
15(2)
SIMV with Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)
17(2)
SIMV with PSV and Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
19(2)
Pressure Control Ventilation (PCV)
21(2)
PRESSURE-VOLUME AND FLOW-VOLUME LOOPS 23(32)
Introduction
23(4)
Pressure-Volume Loops
27(5)
Work-of-Breathing
32(2)
Flow-Volume Loops
34(3)
Interpretation of Loops
37(18)
WAVEFORMS FOR COMMON VENTILATOR MODES 55(22)
Volume-Targeted Scalars
56(2)
Control
56(1)
Assist
56(1)
SIMV
56(2)
Pressure-Targeted Scalars
58(2)
Control
58(1)
Assist
58(1)
SIMV
58(2)
Spontaneous Scalars
60(2)
CPAP
60(1)
PSV
60(1)
CPAP with PSV
60(2)
Combination Modes: Volume-Targeted Scalars
62(2)
SIMV with CPAP
62(1)
SIMV with PSV
62(1)
SIMV with CPAP and PSV
62(2)
Combination Modes: Pressure-Targeted Scalars
64(2)
SIMV with CPAP
64(1)
SIMV with PSV
64(1)
SIMV with CPAP and PSV
64(2)
Volume-Targeted Pressure-Volume (P-V) and Flow-Volume (F-V) Loops
66(2)
Control
66(1)
Assist
66(1)
SIMV
66(2)
Pressure-Targeted P-V and F-V Loops
68(2)
Control
68(1)
Assist
68(1)
SIMV
68(2)
Spontaneous P-V and F-V Loops
70(2)
CPAP
70(1)
PSV
70(1)
CPAP with PSV
70(2)
Combination Modes: Volume-Targeted P-V and F-V Loops
72(2)
SIMV with CPAP
72(1)
SIMV with PSV
72(1)
SIMV and CPAP and PSV
72(2)
Combination Modes: Pressure-Targeted P-V and F-V Loops
74(3)
SIMV with CPAP
74(1)
SIMV with PSV
74(1)
SIMV with CPAP and PSV
74(3)
COMMON CLINICAL FINDINGS 77(44)
Changes in Respiratory System Compliance
78(4)
Decreased Compliance
78(1)
Inflection Points
79(1)
Overdistension
80(1)
Active Exhalation
81(1)
Airway Obstruction
82(7)
Bronchospasm: Bronchodilator Benefit Assessment
82(2)
Air-Trapping
84(4)
Dynamic Hyperinflation
84(2)
Early Small Airway Collapse
86(2)
Kinked Endotracheal Tube
88(1)
Patient-Ventilator Dys-synchrony
89(4)
Inadequate Inspiratory Flow Rate
89(1)
Inappropriate Trigger Sensitivity
90(2)
Patient and Ventilator Rates Out of Synchrony
92(1)
Leaks
93(2)
NEONATAL APPLICATIONS
Introduction
95(1)
Normal Infant Pulmonary Functions
96(1)
Normal Scalars, P-V and F-V Loops
97(8)
Abnormal Waveforms
105(16)
Improper Sensitivity Setting Scalars
105(1)
A/C Pressure Control Asychrony Scalars
106(1)
A/C Pressure Control F-V and P-V Loops
107(1)
Low Flow Setting Scalars
108(1)
Breath Stacking Scalars
109(1)
Breath Stacking F-V and P-V Loops
110(1)
Obstruction to Expiratory Flow Scalars
111(1)
Obstruction to Expiratory F-V and P-V Loops
112(1)
Neonatal Right Mainstem Intubation Scalars
113(1)
Neonatal Right Mainstem Intubation F-V and P-V Loops
114(1)
Progression to Extubation Scalars
115(1)
Progression to Extubation F-V and P-V Loops
116(1)
Effect of Excessive Inspiratory Pressure on the P-V Loop
117(1)
Reduced Compliance F-V and P-V Loops
118(1)
Turbulent Baseline Flow Rate Scalars
119(2)
Case Studies 121(10)
Index 131

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