How Vera Rubin convinced the scientific community of the possibility of dark matter's existence, persevering despite early dismissals of her work.

We now know that the universe is mostly dark, made up of particles and forces that are undetectable even to our most powerful telescopes. The discovery of the possible existence of dark matter and dark energy signaled a Copernican-like revolution in astronomy; not only are we not the center of the universe, neither is the stuff of which we're made. Astronomer Vera Rubin (1928-2016) played a pivotal role in this discovery. By showing that some astronomical objects were not held in gravity's grip, Rubin helped convince the scientific community of the possibility of dark matter. In Bright Galaxies, Dark Matter, and Beyond, Ashley Jean Yeager tells the story of Rubin's life and work, recounting her persistence despite early dismissals of her work and widespread sexism in science.

Yeager describes Rubin's childhood fascination with stars, her education at Vassar and Cornell, and her marriage to a fellow scientist who happened to be a student of Richard Feynman. (Feynman was later Rubin's own physics adviser.) At first, Rubin wasn't taken seriously; she was a rarity, a woman in science, and her findings seemed almost incredible. Some observatories in midcentury America restricted women from using their large telescopes; Rubin was unable to collect her own data until a decade after she had earned her PhD. Still, she continued her groundbreaking work, driving a scientific revolution. She received the National Medal of Science in 1993, but never the Nobel Prize--perhaps overlooked because of her gender. She's since been memorialized with a ridge on Mars, an asteroid, a galaxy, and most recently, with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory--the first national observatory named after a woman.

Ashley Jean Yeager is Associate Editor at The Scientist. She has written for Quanta, Science News, Nature, Astronomy, Sky & Telescope, and other publications.

Prologue
1 Stellar Tales
2 Dark Matter's Debut
3 Waiting on the Stars
4 Threads of Research: A Rotating Universe and Radio Astronomy
5 Chasing Stars
6 A Clumpy Cosmos
7 Career Challenges and Galactic Questions
8 A Taste of Astronomy 
9 At Last, a Real Astronomer
10 Andromeda's Young, Hot Stars
11 The Matter we Cannot See
12 More Matter Than Meets the Eye
13 Diving into Dark Matter
14 Gender Equality in Astronomy: A Darker Universe?
15 The Final Nights
Epilogue
Acknowledgments
Notes
Index