Cascading Style Sheets : Designing for the Web,9780201596250

Cascading Style Sheets : Designing for the Web

by ;
Edition: 2nd
ISBN13: 9780201596250
ISBN10: 0201596253
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1999-01-01
Publisher(s): Addison-Wesley Professional
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Summary

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a standard that provides an easy and manageable way to add style and layout to Web pages. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) developed it as a companion to HTML and XML. Written by the inventors of CSS, this book contains tutorials on CSS, HTML and XML with simple examples and makeover documents as well as detailed information on both CSS level 1 and 2. It is the perfect introduction to CSS for beginning writers of Web pages, and the definitive guide for professional Web designers.

Author Biography

Hakon Wium Lie is a product of the MIT Media Lab's Electronic Publishing Group, who joined the WWW project at CERN Physics Laboratory in Geneva in the early days of the Web. He first proposed the concept of Cascading Style Sheets in 1994 and is now responsible for Style Sheets within W3C. When not working on how to beautify web pages, he paints 'Rothko'-like paintings and collects bits and pieces for his soon to be built, computer controlled pipe organ. Bert Bos completed his Ph.D. in Groningen, The Netherlands, on a prototyping language for graphical user interfaces. He developed browser software and support for humanities scholars and then joined the W3C at INRIA/Sophia-Antipolis in 1995. He started, and for three years led, W3C's work on internationalization, and now coordinates the development of new versions of XML. He continues his work on Style Sheets.

Table of Contents

Foreword iii
Preface v
Trademark notice viii
The Web and HTML
1(29)
The Web
3(1)
Development of the Web
3(1)
Markup Languages
4(1)
Dodging the Limitations of HTML
5(4)
Proprietary HTML extensions
5(1)
Converting text into images
6(1)
Placing text into a table
7(1)
Writing a program instead of using HTML
8(1)
HTML Basics
9(16)
Elements
10(1)
Building a simple HTML document
10(4)
Block-level and inline elements
14(1)
Element overview
14(2)
Comments
16(1)
Lists
16(3)
Empty elements HR and BR
19(1)
Maintaining preformatted text
20(1)
Adding hyperlinks
21(3)
Adding images
24(1)
Document Trees
25(5)
Nested elements
27(3)
CSS
30(20)
Rules and Style Sheets
30(4)
Anatomy of a rule
31(1)
Anatomy of a declaration
31(2)
Grouping selectors and rules
33(1)
``Gluing'' Style Sheets to the Document
34(1)
Gluing by using the STYLE element
34(1)
Browsers and CSS
35(2)
Tree structures and inheritance
37(2)
Overriding Inheritance
39(1)
Properties that don't inherit
40(1)
Common tasks with CSS
41(7)
Common tasks: fonts
41(2)
Common tasks: margins
43(4)
Common tasks: links
47(1)
A word about Cascading
48(2)
The Amazing EM Unit and Other Best Practices
50(7)
CSS Selectors
57(27)
Selector Schemes
57(1)
Type Selectors
58(1)
Simple attribute selectors
59(4)
The CLASS attribute
59(3)
The ID attribute
62(1)
The STYLE Attribute
63(2)
Combining Selector Types
65(1)
Simple contextual selectors
66(1)
External information: pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements
67(4)
The anchor pseudo-classes
68(1)
The first-letter and first-line pseudo-elements
69(2)
DIV and SPAN
71(2)
Advanced attribute selectors
73(4)
Selecting on the presence of an attribute
73(1)
Selecting on the value of an attribute
74(1)
Selecting on a single word in the value of an attribute
74(1)
Selecting on the language of an element
75(2)
Advanced contextual selectors
77(1)
The child selector
78(1)
The sibling selector
78(1)
Advanced pseudo-classes
78(3)
User-interaction: the active, hover and focus pseudo-classes
79(1)
Counting elements: the first-child pseudo-class
80(1)
Advanced pseudo-elements
81(1)
The ``any'' selector
81(3)
Fonts
84(36)
Typesetting terminology
85(2)
Classifying font families
87(3)
Serif or sans-serif?
87(1)
Proportional-spaced or monospaced?
87(1)
Does it resemble handwriting?
88(1)
Is it mainly for decorative purposes?
89(1)
The font-family property
90(4)
Design tips using font families
93(1)
Font metrics
94(2)
length units
96(3)
Absolute units
96(1)
Relative units
97(1)
The pixel unit
97(2)
Percentages as values
99(1)
Keywords as values
99(1)
The font-size property
99(3)
The ``length'' value
100(1)
The ``percentage'' value
100(1)
The ``absolute-size'' value
101(1)
The ``relative-size'' value
102(1)
The font-style property
102(2)
The font-variant property
104(1)
The font-weight property
105(3)
The font property
108(2)
The font-stretch property
110(1)
Numbers as values
111(1)
The font-size-adjust property
112(1)
The text-decoration property
113(4)
The text-transform property
117(2)
More information about fonts
119(1)
Webfonts
120(15)
Prerequisites for WebFonts
120(1)
Font Descriptions
121(2)
Font Descriptors
123(1)
Basic font descriptors
124(2)
Resource descriptors
126(1)
The Unicode-range descriptor
127(2)
Matching descriptors
129(2)
Synthesis descriptors
131(2)
Alignment descriptors
133(2)
The Fundamental Objects
135(25)
The box model
136(1)
The display property
137(3)
The block value
138(1)
The inline value
138(1)
The list-item value
138(1)
The none value
139(1)
The run-in value
139(1)
The compact value
140(1)
Creating side-heads
140(1)
Achieving different effects
141(1)
More about lists--the list-style properties
142(1)
The list-style-type property
143(1)
The list-style-image property
144(1)
The list-style-position property
145(1)
The list-style property
145(1)
Generated text, counters and quotes
146(10)
The :before and :after pseudo-elements and the content property
147(2)
Generating quote marks
149(2)
Counters
151(2)
Styles for counters
153(1)
Self-nesting counters
154(1)
Markers and the marker-offset property
155(1)
The white-space property
156(4)
Space Inside Boxes
160(19)
Space inside Block-Level Elements
161(1)
The text-align property
162(1)
Right aligning text
163(1)
Justifying text
164(1)
The text-indent property
164(1)
Using the text-indent property
165(2)
The line-height property
167(3)
Using the line-height property
170(1)
The word-spacing property
170(1)
Using word spacing
171(1)
The letter-spacing property
172(1)
Using the letter-spacing property
173(2)
The vertical-align property
175(4)
The top and bottom keywords
176(2)
The value as a percentage or length
178(1)
Space Around Boxes
179(32)
Margins and the margin properties
180(1)
Using the margin property
181(2)
Common usages of the margin properties
183(2)
The padding properties
185(1)
Using the padding property
186(1)
The border properties group
187(1)
The border-color properties
188(2)
The border-style properties
190(2)
The border-width properties
192(1)
Using the border-width property
193(1)
The border properties
194(1)
Using the border property
195(1)
Working with the Border Properties
195(2)
Outline borders
197(1)
Collapsing margins
198(2)
The width property
200(1)
The height property
200(1)
The float property
201(2)
The clear property
203(1)
Minimum and maximum widths and heights
204(2)
The whole story on width computation
206(1)
no value is ``auto''
207(1)
one value is ``auto''
208(1)
two or three of the three values are ``auto''
208(2)
Overflow
210(1)
Relative and Absolute positioning
211(13)
The position property
213(1)
The containing block
213(3)
Relative positioning
216(1)
Fixed positioning
217(2)
Absolute positioning
219(2)
Using auto values
220(1)
The z-index property
221(1)
Making elements invisible
222(2)
Colors
224(23)
Specifying colors
225(5)
Color names
226(1)
RGB colors
226(3)
System colors
229(1)
The properties
230(1)
The color property
230(1)
Setting the color of a border
231(1)
Setting the color of hyperlinks
231(1)
The background properties
232(1)
The background-color property
232(3)
Background color in inline elements
233(1)
Background color in block elements
233(1)
Background color in list items
234(1)
The transparent value
234(1)
The background-image property
235(1)
The background-repeat property
236(1)
The background-attachment property
237(2)
The background-position property
239(3)
Placing images using percentages
240(1)
Placing images using absolute positions
241(1)
Placing images using keywords
241(1)
The background property
242(1)
Setting the background of the canvas
243(1)
Shadows
244(3)
Printing and Other Media
247(16)
Page breaks
248(4)
Usage of page break properties
251(1)
Page areas
252(7)
Page selectors and margins
253(1)
Left and right pages
254(1)
First pages
255(1)
Units for page margins
255(1)
Page box dimension and orientation
256(2)
Crop marks
258(1)
Named pages
258(1)
Media-specific style sheets
259(4)
Media types
260(3)
Aural Style Sheets
263(14)
Introduction to aural style sheets
263(1)
Volume properties: volume
264(1)
Speaking properties: speak
265(1)
Pause properties: pause-before, pause-after, and pause
266(1)
Cue properties: cue-before, cue-after, and cue
267(2)
Mixing properties: play-during
269(1)
Spatial properties: azimuth and elevation
270(2)
Voice characteristic properties: speech-rate, voice-family, pitch, pitch-range, stress, and richness
272(3)
Speech properties: speak-punctuation and speak-numeral
275(2)
From HTML Extensions to CSS
277(17)
Magnet
278(2)
Cyberspazio
280(4)
Colors
281(1)
Images
281(1)
Fonts
282(1)
White space
282(2)
``The form of the book''
284(2)
``The new typography''
286(2)
TSDesign
288(6)
Cascading and Inheritance
294(11)
The Basics
296(1)
conflicts appear
297(2)
accommodating user styles
299(1)
a more complex example
300(4)
Find all rules that apply
301(1)
Sort the rules by explicit weight
302(1)
Sort by origin
302(1)
Sort by specificity
303(1)
Sort by order specified
304(1)
The ``inherit'' keyword
304(1)
External Style Sheets
305(16)
Why external style sheets?
305(1)
External HTML style sheets
306(1)
Linking to style sheets
306(4)
Persistent, preferred and alternate author style sheets
308(1)
The MEDIA attribute
309(1)
@import
310(3)
Using @import: a case study
311(1)
@import: the details
312(1)
External XML style sheets
313(1)
W3C Core Styles
314(7)
Other Approaches
321(9)
Creating a document without using a style sheet
321(5)
Using elements for layout
322(2)
Using attributes for layout
324(1)
The single-pixel GIF trick for controlling space
325(1)
Using a different format from HTML
326(2)
The Portable Document Format (PDF)
326(1)
Images
327(1)
Using XSL
328(2)
XML Documents
330(7)
Experimenting with XML
332(1)
Some examples
333(4)
Tables
337(18)
The parts of a table
337(2)
The collapsing borders model
339(3)
The separated borders model
342(2)
Borders for empty cells
343(1)
Alignment
344(2)
Sizes
346(3)
Fast size
347(2)
Setting background colors
349(1)
``Collapsing'' columns and rows
350(1)
Inline tables
350(1)
XML and tables
351(4)
The CSS Saga
355(7)
Browsers
359(3)
Appendix A HTML 4.0 QUICK REFERENCE 362(12)
Document structure
362(1)
The HEAD element
363(1)
The BODY element
364(3)
Container elements
364(1)
Bridge elements
365(1)
Special elements
365(2)
Text-level elements
367(4)
Normal text-level elements
368(1)
Restricted text-level elements
369(2)
BUTTON: a text-level container element
371(1)
Special characters
371(3)
Appendix B READING PROPERTY VALUE DEFINITIONS 374(7)
Multiple values
376(3)
Tying it all together
379(2)
Appendix C SYSTEM COLORS 381(2)
Index 383

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