Cerebrovascular Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention and Treatment

Ultrasound enables us to monitor the cardiovascular system and brain responses to treatment in real time; a genuine blessing on the route to more effective stroke therapies, and an invaluable tool with which to tailor treatment when available evidence is meagre. Ultrasound is a vital observational tool, yet a probe needs a scientist to point it in the right direction and a skilled physician to synthesise scientific data with practical management strategies.

This book, intended for clinicians who are eager to learn and prepared to observe, focusses on the examination of stroke patients, the interpretation of ultrasound studies, and the application of cerebrovascular ultrasound to management and treatment strategies. Produced by an international team of contributors and edited at the University of Texas, one of the major world centres in stroke research, it is a practical volume that can be used by beginners to learn the principles of ultrasound testing, by advanced users to learn differential diagnosis, and by clinicians (non-sonographers) who treat stroke patients. The latter will gain knowledge on how to apply ultrasound, and what to expect from it in terms of clinical decision making and treatment selection.

Andrei V. Alexandrov, MD, RVT

Assistant Professor of Neurology and Radiology

Director, STAT Neurosonology Service and

Center for Noninvasive Brain Perfusion Studies

Stroke Program, University of Texas-Houston Medical School

Houston, TX

 

Contributors.

Foreword: Ultrasound: What’s in the Waveforms?.

J. Grotta.

Preface.

Acknowlegements.

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Contributors.

Part I. How To Perform Ultrasound Tests?.

1. Cerebrovascular Anatomy and Principles of Extracranial Ultrasound and Examination Techniques.

M. Neumyer, A. Alexandrov.

2. Intracranial Cerebrovascular Ultrasound Examination Techniques.

A. Alexandrov, M. Neumyer.

3. Color Flow Anatomy of the Circle of Willis.

E. Bartels, A. Alexandrov.

Part II. Hemodynamic Principles.

4. Integrated Assessment of Systemic and Intracranial Hemodynamics.

A. Wojner.

5. Practical Models of Cerebral Hemodynamics and Waveform Recognition.

A. Alexandrov.

Part III. Criteria for Interpretation.

6. Diagnostic Criteria for Neurovascular Studies.

A. Alexandrov, M. Neumyer.

Part IV. Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention and Treatment.

7. TCD and Sickle Cell Disease.

F. Nichols, A. Jones, R. Adams.

8. Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Carotid Ultrasound.

J. Polak.

9. Carotid Vertebral Duplex Scanning in Secondary Stroke Prevention and Stenting.

C. Tegeler, D. Ratanakorn.

10. Acute Ischemic Stroke.

A. Demchuk, A. Alexandrov.

11. Vasospasm after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

D. Newell, A. Alexandrov.

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Part V. Select Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes.

A. Alexandrov.

Typical Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

with M. MalkofF.

Bilateral ACA Vasospasm.

with J. Nates.

Multiple Vessel Vasospasm.

with I. Christou.

Cerebral Circulatory Arrest.

with S. Calleja.

Anatomical Variation or a Hemodynamically Significant Lesion?.

with E. Bartels.

Subclavian Steal.

with F. Al-Senani.

Carotid Dissection.

with M. Malkoff.

Carotid Thromboembolism.

with K. Uchino.

Monitoring Carotid Endarterectomy.

with A. Estrera.

Brain Retroperfusion.

with Z. Garami and H. Safi.

MCA Stenosis.

with R. Felberg.

Acute Tandem ICA and MCA Occlusion.

with A. El-Mitwalli, and J. Song.

Arterial Recanalization and Dramatic Recovery from Stroke.

with R. Felberg.

Arterial Re-Occlusion and Deterioration Following Improvement.

with S. Burgin.

Extended Window for Thrombolysis.

with the Stroke Team.

Index