CliffsTestPrepTM TOEFL® CBT

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Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2000-11-01
Publisher(s): Cliffs Notes
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Summary

The CliffsTestPrep series offers full-length practice exams that simulate the real tests; proven test-taking strategies to increase your chances at doing well; and thorough review exercises to help fill in any knowledge gaps. CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT can help you improve your scores on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) Computer-Based Test (CBT). Written by an expert in the field of teaching English as a Second Language (ESL), the guide provides you with strategies, techniques, and materials that have proven successful over many years. Inside, you'll find Six full-length practice tests Sample TOEFL test questions, and strategies for answering each kind of question Complete analyses of each part of the test, and techniques for developing a plan of attack for each part Two audio CDs containing listening samples for the practice tests This book will help you understand the types of questions that will test your listening, reading, and writing skills. It will also help your understanding of the complicated structure of the English language. As you work your way through the book, you'll hone your knowledge of subjects such as Passive voice; comparisons and comparatives; and idioms and idiomatic expressions Nouns, verb forms, infinitives, gerunds, and prepositions Adverb and adjective clauses, as well as subject-verb agreement Vocabulary and determining the mean of words through prefixes, suffixes, and context Expressing yourself clearly through writing thoughtful essays With guidance from the CliffsTestPrep series, you'll feel at home in any standardized-test environment! (For additional help, be sure to visit the Test Prep Think Tank for free online resources.)

Author Biography

Michael A. Pyle earned a bachelor's degree in English in 1977 and a master's degree in linguistics in 1979. He has been involved in the field of English as a Second Language since he began work on his master's degree in 1977. The original TOEFL test preparation book that he co-authored was created while Mike was teaching at the University of Florida's English Language Institute and Santa Fe Community College in Gainesville, Florida in 1982. He also wrote Cliffs Advanced Practice for TOEFL in 1992. Although Mike no longer actively teaches for any institution, he periodically makes presentations to individual classes at Daytona Beach Community College and Embry Riddle Aeronautical University in Daytona Beach, Florida. He is a member of Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) and regularly attends its annual meetings. He has made presentations on teaching techniques related to TOEFL at TESOL annual meetings from time to time.

Table of Contents

Preface xiv
How to Use This Book xv
To the Student xv
To the Teacher xix
Study Guide Checklist xx
PART I: INTRODUCTION TO THE TOEFL COMPUTER-BASED TEST
General Description of the TOEFL Test
3(3)
How Colleges and Universities Use TOEFL Scores
3(1)
Computer-Based versus Paper-Based Testing
4(1)
Computer Tutorials
5(1)
Institutional Testing Program (ITP)
5(1)
Structure of the TOEFL Test
6(3)
Listening Section
7(1)
Structure Section
7(1)
Reading Section
7(1)
Writing Section
8(1)
Questions Commonly Asked About the TOFEL Test
9(2)
Computer Basics for Taking the TOEFL Test
11(2)
Taking the TOEFL Test: A Successful Overall Approach
13(4)
Preparing for the Test
13(4)
The Day of the Test
13(1)
During the Test
14(3)
PART II: ANALYSIS OF EXAM AREAS
Listening Section
17(9)
Basic Skills Necessary
17(1)
What to Expect
17(7)
Part A
18(1)
Part B
19(5)
Preparing for the Listening Section
24(1)
A Patterned Plan of Attack
25(1)
Structure Section
26(3)
Basic Skills Necessary
26(1)
What to Expect
26(2)
Incomplete Sentences
27(1)
Choosing the Incorrect Word or Phrase
27(1)
How to Prepare for the Structure Section
28(1)
A Patterned Plan of Attack
28(1)
Reading Section
29(5)
Basic Skills Necessary
29(1)
What to Expect
29(3)
Preparing for the Reading Section
32(1)
A Patterned Plan of Attack
33(1)
Writing Section
34(5)
Ability Tested
34(1)
Basic Skills Necessary
34(1)
What to Expect
34(1)
How to Prepare for the Writing Section
35(1)
A Patterned Plan of Attack
36(3)
PART III: DETAILED REVIEW OF ITEMS TESTED
Listening
39(24)
Tenses and Time Indicators
39(1)
Samples
39(1)
Passive Voice
40(1)
Samples
41(1)
Appositives
41(1)
Sample
42(1)
Modals
42(1)
Sample
42(1)
Conditional Sentences
43(1)
Wish
44(1)
Comparisons and Comparatives
44(2)
Equal Comparisons
44(1)
Unequal Comparisons
45(1)
Double Comparatives
45(1)
Superlatives
45(1)
Negatives
46(1)
Limiting Words
46(1)
Already and Yet
47(1)
Affirmative Agreement
47(1)
Negative Agreement
48(1)
Tag Questions
48(1)
Cause and Effect
49(1)
Because and Because Of
49(1)
So
49(1)
The Reason . . . That
49(1)
Other Phrases Indicating Cause and Effect
50(1)
Causatives
50(1)
Have and Get
50(1)
Make
51(1)
Words that Sound Alike
51(1)
Sample
52(1)
Idioms and Idiomatic Expressions
52(1)
Sample
53(1)
Problem Items
53(3)
No Sooner
53(1)
Remember, Stop, and Forget
53(1)
Let and Help
54(1)
Used To and Be Used To
54(1)
Would Rather
55(1)
Phrasal Verbs
56(2)
Samples
56(2)
Idioms of Suggestion
58(1)
Sample
59(1)
Commands and Indirect Commands
59(1)
Practice Exercise
60(2)
CD A, Track 1
60(2)
Answers for the Practice Exercise
62(1)
Structure
63(90)
Sentence Structure
64(4)
Subjects
65(1)
Nouns and Noun Phrases
65(1)
Other Types of Subjects
66(1)
Verbs and Verb Phrases
66(1)
Complements
67(1)
Modifiers
68(1)
Phrases and Clauses
68(1)
Structure Quiz 1
69(2)
Answers and Explanations for Structure Quiz 1
71(1)
Recognizing Unusual Subjects
72(3)
Infinitives and Gerunds
72(1)
That Clauses
73(1)
Question Words
74(1)
Complex Sentence Structures
75(10)
Compound Sentences
75(1)
Passive Voice Sentences
75(2)
Conditional Sentences
77(1)
Real (Possibly True) Conditions
77(1)
Unreal (Not True) Conditions
78(1)
Relative or Adjective Clauses
78(1)
That and Which
79(1)
Who, Whom, and Whose
80(1)
Samples
81(1)
Reduced Relative (Adjective) Clauses
82(1)
Adverb Clauses
83(1)
Reduced Adverb Clauses
84(1)
Active Verb
84(1)
Passive Verb
85(1)
Adjective
85(1)
Structure Quiz 2
85(2)
Answers and Explanations for Structure Quiz 2
87(7)
Reverse Order Constructions
88(1)
Reversed Conditional Construction
88(1)
Reversed Order Limiting Words
89(1)
Appositives
90(1)
Direct and Indirect Objects
91(1)
Illogical Participial Modifiers (Dangling Participles)
92(2)
Because/Because Of
94(1)
Word Order
94(3)
Order of a Superlative
94(1)
Order of an Intensifier
95(1)
Order of Verb Modifier
95(1)
Order of Adjectives and Nouns
96(1)
Enough
97(1)
Structure Quiz 3
97(2)
Answers and Explanations for Structure Quiz 3
99(1)
Word Form
100(26)
Need and In Need of
101(1)
So and Such
102(1)
Adverbs and Adjectives
103(1)
Adjectives
103(1)
Adverbs
104(1)
Adjective Forms
105(1)
Linking Verbs
105(1)
Parallel Structure
105(1)
Pronoun Forms
106(2)
Noun/Pronoun Agreement
108(1)
Verb Forms
109(1)
Basic Verb Rules
109(1)
Regular Verbs
110(1)
Irregular Verbs
110(1)
Simple Present Tense
110(1)
Present Progressive Tense
111(1)
Simple Past Tense
112(1)
Past Progressive Tense
112(1)
Present Perfect Tense
112(1)
Present Perfect Progressive Tense
112(1)
Past Perfect Tense
113(1)
Past Perfect Progressive Tense
113(1)
Modals
113(1)
Subject/Verb Agreement
114(1)
Noun Endings
115(1)
Distracting Words and Phrases
115(2)
A Number of or The Number of
117(1)
Sentences with Two or More Verbs
118(1)
Combining Verb Tenses
118(3)
Subjunctive Sentences
121(1)
Verbs Used as Complements
122(1)
Verbs Complementing Verbs
122(1)
Verbs Following Prepositions
123(1)
Verbs Following Adjectives
124(1)
Verbs Used as Adjectives
124(2)
Nouns Used as Adjectives
126(1)
Structure Quiz 4
126(2)
Answers and Explanations for Structure Quiz 4
128(1)
Word Choice
128(16)
Idiomatic Expressions
128(1)
Completing a Construction
129(1)
Not Only . . . But Also
129(1)
Count and Non-Count Nouns
130(1)
Definite and Indefinite Articles
131(2)
Another, Other, and Others
133(1)
Comparisons and Comparatives
133(1)
Equal Comparisons
133(1)
Unequal Comparisons
134(1)
Double Comparatives
135(1)
Superlatives
135(1)
Problem Items
135(1)
No Sooner
135(1)
Despite/In Spite of
136(1)
Rise/Raise
136(1)
Lie/Lay
136(1)
Sit/Set
137(1)
Prepositions
137(1)
During
138(1)
From
138(1)
By
138(1)
In
139(1)
Into
140(1)
Out
140(1)
On
141(1)
At
142(1)
Under
143(1)
Through
144(1)
Structure Quiz 5
144(2)
Answers and Explanations for Structure Quiz 5
146(1)
Missing and Extra Words
147(2)
Missing Subjects
147(1)
Missing Articles
147(1)
Missing Conjugated Verbs
148(1)
Extra Articles
148(1)
Extra Nouns and Pronouns
149(1)
Structure Quiz 6
149(2)
Answers and Explanations for Structure Quiz 6
151(2)
Reading
153(48)
Identifying Main Ideas and Purpose
153(1)
Studying the Details
154(1)
Testing Your Vocabulary
154(40)
Prefixes
155(1)
a- or ab-
155(1)
a- or an-
155(1)
ad-
156(1)
ante-
156(1)
anti- or ant-
156(1)
bi-
157(1)
circum-
157(1)
con-
158(1)
contra-
158(1)
de-
159(1)
dis-
159(1)
dys-
159(1)
eu-
160(1)
ex-
160(1)
in-
161(1)
inter-
162(1)
intro-
162(1)
per-
162(1)
post-
163(1)
pre-
163(1)
pro-
164(1)
re-
164(1)
retro-
165(1)
sub-
165(1)
Prefix Practice Exercise
166(4)
Answers
170(1)
Roots
170(1)
-cide-
170(1)
-corp-
171(1)
-cred-
171(1)
-cur-, -curr-, or -curs-
171(1)
-duc- or -duct-
172(1)
-fid-
172(1)
-ject-
173(1)
-mor- or -mort-
173(1)
-omni-
173(1)
-ped-
174(1)
-rupt-
174(1)
-secut- or -sequ-
175(1)
-string- or -strict-
175(1)
-tact-, -tang-, -tig-, or -ting-
175(1)
-vict- or -vinc-
176(1)
-viv-
176(1)
-vor- or -vour-
177(1)
Root Practice Exercise
177(4)
Answers
181(1)
Suffixes
181(1)
Noun Endings
182(1)
Verb Endings
183(1)
Adjective Endings
183(1)
Adverb Endings
184(1)
Related Verbs, Nouns, and Adjectives
184(2)
Suffix Practice Exercise
186(1)
Answers
187(1)
Combining Your Vocabulary Skills
187(1)
Determining Meaning from Prefixes, Suffixes, and Roots
188(1)
Determining Meaning from Context
188(1)
Vocabulary Practice Exercise
189(4)
Answers
193(1)
Locating Referents
194(1)
Practice Reading Exercise
195(4)
Answers and Explanations to Practice Reading Exercise
199(2)
Writing
201(176)
Practice Exercise
203(2)
Sample Essay Topics
205(4)
PART IV: PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: PRACTICE TESTS
Practice Test 1
209(19)
Listening Section
209(1)
Part A
209(1)
CD A, Track 2
209(2)
Part B
211(1)
CD A, Track 3
212(1)
CD A, Track 4
213(1)
CD A, Track 5
213(1)
CD A, Track 6
214(1)
Structure Section
215(3)
Reading Section
218(9)
Writing Section
227(1)
Practice Test 2
228(19)
Listening Section
228(1)
Part A
228(1)
CD A, Track 7
228(2)
Part B
230(1)
CD A, Track 8
230(1)
CD A, Track 9
231(1)
CD A, Track 10
232(1)
Structure Section
233(3)
Reading Section
236(10)
Writing Section
246(1)
Practice Test 3
247(19)
Listening Section
247(1)
Part A
247(1)
CD A, Track 11
247(2)
Part B
249(1)
CD A, Track 12
249(1)
CD A, Track 13
250(1)
CD A, Track 14
251(1)
CD A, Track 15
252(1)
Structure Section
253(3)
Reading Section
256(9)
Writing Section
265(1)
Practice Test 4
266(18)
Listening Section
266(1)
Part A
266(1)
CD B, Track 1
266(2)
Part B
268(1)
CD B, Track 2
268(1)
CD B, Track 3
269(1)
CD B, Track 4
270(1)
CD B, Track 5
271(2)
Structure Section
273(3)
Reading Section
276(7)
Writing Section
283(1)
Practice Test 5
284(20)
Listening Section
284(1)
Part A
284(1)
CD B, Track 6
284(3)
Part B
287(1)
CD B, Track 7
287(1)
CD B, Track 8
288(1)
CD B, Track 9
289(1)
CD B, Track 10
290(1)
Structure Section
291(3)
Reading Section
294(9)
Writing Section
303(1)
Practice Test 6
304(19)
Listening Section
304(1)
Part A
304(1)
CD B, Track 11
304(2)
Part B
306(1)
CD B, Track 12
306(2)
CD B, Track 13
308(1)
CD B, Track 14
309(2)
Structure Section
311(3)
Reading Section
314(8)
Writing Section
322(1)
Answers and Explanations
323(34)
Practice Test 1
323(1)
Listening Section
323(1)
Part A
323(1)
Part B
323(1)
Structure Section
324(2)
Reading Section
326(3)
Writing Section
329(1)
Practice Test 2
329(1)
Listening Section
329(1)
Part A
329(1)
Part B
329(1)
Structure Section
330(2)
Reading Section
332(2)
Writing Section
334(1)
Practice Test 3
334(1)
Listening Section
334(1)
Part A
334(1)
Part B
335(1)
Structure Section
335(3)
Reading Section
338(2)
Writing Section
340(1)
Practice Test 4
340(1)
Listening Section
340(1)
Part A
340(1)
Part B
340(1)
Structure Section
341(2)
Reading Section
343(2)
Writing Section
345(1)
Practice Test 5
345(1)
Listening Section
345(1)
Part A
345(1)
Part B
346(1)
Structure Section
347(1)
Reading Answers
348(2)
Writing Section
350(1)
Practice Test 6
350(1)
Listening Section
350(1)
Part A
350(1)
Part B
351(1)
Structure Section
352(1)
Reading Section
353(2)
Writing Section
355(2)
Scoring Practice Tests
357(20)
Practice Test 1
357(1)
Scoring Your Essay
358(2)
Total Practice Test 1 Score
360(1)
Practice Test 2
360(2)
Scoring Your Essay
362(1)
Total Practice Test 2 Score
363(1)
Practice Test 3
364(1)
Scoring Your Essay
365(1)
Total Practice Test 3 Score
366(1)
Practice Test 4
367(1)
Scoring Your Essay
368(2)
Total Practice Test 4 Score
370(1)
Practice Test 5
370(2)
Scoring Your Essay
372(1)
Total Practice Test 5 Score
373(1)
Practice Test 6
373(2)
Scoring Your Essay
375(1)
Total Practice Test 6 Score
376(1)
Appendix: ON THE CDs 377(1)
Practice Listening Exercise (Part III, ``Listening Section'')
377(1)
CD A, Track 1
377(3)
Practice Test 1
380(1)
Part A
380(1)
CD A, Track 2
380(4)
Part B
384(1)
CD A, Track 3
384(1)
CD A, Track 4
385(1)
CD A, Track 5
386(1)
CD A, Track 6
387(1)
Practice Test 2
388(1)
Part A
388(1)
CD A, Track 7
388(3)
Part B
391(1)
CD A, Track 8
391(1)
CD A, Track 9
392(1)
CD A, Track 10
393(2)
Practice Test 3
395(1)
Part A
395(1)
CD A, Track 11
395(3)
Part B
398(1)
CD A, Track 12
398(1)
CD A, Track 13
399(2)
CD A, Track 14
401(1)
CD A, Track 15
401(2)
Practice Test 4
403(1)
Part A
403(1)
CD B, Track 1
403(3)
Part B
406(1)
CD B, Track 2
406(1)
CD B, Track 3
407(1)
CD B, Track 4
408(2)
CD B, Track 5
410(1)
Practice Test 5
411(1)
Part A
411(1)
CD B, Track 6
411(3)
Part B
414(1)
CD B, Track 7
414(1)
CD B, Track 8
415(1)
CD B, Track 9
416(1)
CD B, Track 10
417(2)
Practice Test 6
419(1)
Part A
419(1)
CD B, Track 11
419(3)
Part B
422(1)
CD B, Track 12
422(3)
CD B, Track 13
425(1)
CD B, Track 14
426

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