Cranes Design, Practice, and Maintenance
by Verschoof, Ing J.Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2002-11-08
Publisher(s): WILEY
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Summary
This second edition of Cranes Design, Practice, and Maintenance has been thoroughly updated. Many new photographs are included and the latest information on developments in equipment and crane technology has been added. The chapter on standards has also been revised to include a comprehensive guide to current legislation.This unique book discusses and explains the technical issues and considerations in a practical way, offering a comprehensive review of the different types of cranes and their uses. Heavily illustrated with photographs and line drawings, this title continues to be of considerable interest to crane designers, crane manufacturers and suppliers, crane users, project managers, health and safety specialists, and consultants involved in a wide range of industries.TOPICS COVERED INCLUDE: Introduction Wire ropes Drives: calculating motor powers Brakes Standards Sagging and slapping of the wire ropes Rock and roll of the spreader Machinery trolleys versus wire rope trolleys Twin lift Positioning Automatic equipment identification (AEI) Construction and calculation methods on strength and fatigue Wheels and tracks.
Author Biography
Ing J Verschoof's wealth of experience and knowledge have earned him a world-wide reputation within the port and dockside crane industries. He worked for many years as the Technical Director at the internationally renowned company Nelcon, and is now adviser to their board. As well as a number of publications on cranes, Mr Verschoof has also written a book on belt conveyors.
Table of Contents
| Foreword | p. xv |
| Foreword to second edition | p. xvii |
| Preface | p. xix |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| History | p. 1 |
| Power | p. 6 |
| Some types of cranes and lifting equipment | p. 9 |
| Capacities, number of cycles, cycle-time | p. 16 |
| Container quay cranes | p. 16 |
| Grab unloaders | p. 20 |
| The influence of wind and storms | p. 25 |
| Hatchless container vessels | p. 35 |
| Wire ropes | p. 39 |
| Wire rope reeving systems | p. 39 |
| Influencing the lifetime of wire ropes | p. 40 |
| Drum diameters and wire rope sheave diameters | p. 41 |
| The choice of wire ropes | p. 41 |
| Fleet angles; grooves on drums and in wire rope sheaves | p. 42 |
| The bending angle over sheaves; the ultimate tensile limit | p. 46 |
| The lifetime of wire ropes | p. 47 |
| Wire rope strength | p. 48 |
| Drives; calculating motor powers | p. 49 |
| Driving systems | p. 49 |
| The squirrel cage motor with fluid coupling | p. 49 |
| The slipring motor | p. 50 |
| The Ward-Leonard drive | p. 51 |
| Direct current full-thyristor systems | p. 52 |
| Alternating current drives with frequency control | p. 52 |
| Hydraulic drives | p. 55 |
| Numbers of wire rope sheaves in the hoisting mechanisms of different reeving systems | p. 56 |
| Calculating the requisite power of the hoisting motors | p. 58 |
| Calculating the needed power of the trolley travelling motors | p. 66 |
| Direct driven trolleys or motor trolleys; wheel slip control | p. 69 |
| Trolleys pulled by wire ropes or rope driven trolleys | p. 72 |
| Rope driven trolleys for grab unloaders with a main and auxiliary trolley | p. 76 |
| Hoisting the boom; calculating the power needed for the boom hoist motor | p. 82 |
| Calculating the needed power of the crane-travelling motors. Wheelslip control--how to calculate the forces through skewing of the crane and trolley | p. 85 |
| The rating of the motors | p. 91 |
| The root-mean-square calculation | p. 94 |
| The current supply of a crane by a diesel generator set: calculating methods and warnings | p. 94 |
| Calculating the power needed for the slewing motors of level luffing cranes | p. 101 |
| Calculating the power needed for the luffing motor of level luffing cranes | p. 108 |
| Brakes | p. 113 |
| Modern brakes | p. 113 |
| Hoisting brakes; lowering the load; emergency stop | p. 118 |
| Hoisting brakes; lowering the load; braking by full motor torque | p. 123 |
| Hoisting brakes; hoisting the load; braking by full motor torque | p. 127 |
| Hoisting brakes; hoisting the load; emergency stop | p. 130 |
| Svendborg brakes | p. 134 |
| Calculating the brake time and braking distance of a crane | p. 136 |
| The acceleration of a crane by wind at the beginning of an emergency stop | p. 139 |
| Storm pins and storm brakes | p. 141 |
| Standards | p. 147 |
| CEN | p. 147 |
| FEM | p. 148 |
| ISO | p. 149 |
| DIN; BS; JIS | p. 153 |
| Sagging and slapping of the wire ropes; rock and roll of the spreader; machinery trolleys versus wire rope trolleys; twin-lift; positioning; automatic equipment identification (AEI) | p. 155 |
| Sagging and slapping of the wire ropes; other hoist wire rope systems for container quay cranes and grab unloaders | p. 155 |
| The rock and roll of the spreader | p. 159 |
| Advantages and disadvantages of machinery trolleys versus wire rope driven trolleys | p. 160 |
| Container transport with twin-lift spreaders; long twin-lift; Bramma Tandemlift. Connecting the spreader to the headblock | p. 162 |
| Sway and swing; automation of the trolley travelling mechanism | p. 167 |
| The positioning of a hoisting mechanism; automation | p. 173 |
| Automatic positioning for crane travelling mechanisms | p. 173 |
| Encoder systems | p. 174 |
| Sensor systems | p. 176 |
| Hall magnets with electronic measuring rulers | p. 176 |
| Detectors with linear absolute encoders | p. 176 |
| Antenna-transponder systems | p. 177 |
| Radar systems | p. 178 |
| Laser systems | p. 179 |
| The influence of wind and eccentric loading of the container | p. 179 |
| The prevention of skew | p. 180 |
| The automatic identification of containers | p. 180 |
| Tags | p. 180 |
| Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) | p. 183 |
| General | p. 183 |
| GPS and DGPS | p. 184 |
| Automatic vehicle and container location | p. 185 |
| Scanning | p. 185 |
| Container inspection by X-ray | p. 187 |
| Seal recognition | p. 187 |
| CSC plate control | p. 187 |
| Checking the damage to containers | p. 188 |
| GE Toshiba Automation Systems; crane automation | p. 188 |
| The Stewart Platform Reeving | p. 193 |
| Checking the alignment of containers etc. with Laser Scanners | p. 194 |
| Spreader Positioning System | p. 196 |
| Camera-Monitor Systems | p. 198 |
| Construction and calculation methods on strength and fatigue | p. 201 |
| Materials | p. 201 |
| For steel constructions | p. 201 |
| For mechanisms | p. 203 |
| Welding | p. 203 |
| Bolts | p. 208 |
| Construction of box and lattice girders etc. | p. 210 |
| Boom-ties; diagonals | p. 216 |
| Calculations on strength and on fatigue | p. 220 |
| The fatigue load | p. 221 |
| Fatigue in structures | p. 222 |
| Fatigue in mechanism components as shafts etc. | p. 255 |
| Pressure between shafts and steel constructions | p. 259 |
| Design details | p. 260 |
| The natural frequency | p. 261 |
| Wheels and tracks | p. 263 |
| Calculating the wheel diameters of fast-running trolleys (v > 100 m/min) | p. 263 |
| Calculating the wheel diameter of a crane travelling wheel for normal speeds (v = up to 60 m/min) | p. 264 |
| Differences in wheel loads, due to breaking forces | p. 265 |
| Rails and rail constructions | p. 267 |
| Trolley travelling rails and boom hinge points | p. 270 |
| Wear and tear of a crane rail | p. 276 |
| Buffers | p. 276 |
| Miscellaneous | p. 279 |
| Overload preventers | p. 279 |
| Snag loads | p. 279 |
| Anti-collision systems | p. 286 |
| Cable reels | p. 287 |
| Festoon systems: current and data supply to the trolleys | p. 288 |
| Inductive power transfer and data transmission | p. 290 |
| Hoppers | p. 294 |
| Apron feeders; conveyors | p. 295 |
| Electronic Tracking Guide System | p. 298 |
| Gears | p. 299 |
| The Promo-Teus Conveyor Belt System | p. 305 |
| Maintenance | p. 309 |
| Artwork sources | p. 317 |
| Index | p. 325 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
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