Digital Communication over Fading Channels

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Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2004-12-06
Publisher(s): Wiley-IEEE Press
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Summary

The four short years since Digital Communication over Fading Channels became an instant classic have seen a virtual explosion of significant new work on the subject, both by the authors and by numerous researchers around the world. Foremost among these is a great deal of progress in the area of transmit diversity and space-time coding and the associated multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) channel. This new edition gathers these and other results, previously scattered throughout numerous publications, into a single convenient and informative volume. Like its predecessor, this Second Edition discusses in detail coherent and noncoherent communication systems as well as a large variety of fading channel models typical of communication links found in the real world. Coverage includes single- and multichannel reception and, in the case of the latter, a large variety of diversity types. The moment generating function (MGF)-based approach for performance analysis, introduced by the authors in the first edition and referred to in literally hundreds of publications, still represents the backbone of the book's presentation. Important features of this new edition include: * An all-new, comprehensive chapter on transmit diversity, space-time coding, and the MIMO channel, focusing on performance evaluation * Coverage of new and improved diversity schemes * Performance analyses of previously known schemes in new and different fading scenarios * A new chapter on the outage probability of cellular mobile radio systems * A new chapter on the capacity of fading channels * And much more Digital Communication over Fading Channels, Second Edition is an indispensable resource for graduate students, researchers investigating these systems, and practicing engineers responsible for evaluating their performance.

Author Biography

MARVIN K. SIMON, PhD, is Principal Scientist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena.

MOHAMED-SLIM ALOUINI, PhD, is Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

Table of Contents

Preface xxv
Nomenclature xxxi
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Introduction
3(14)
System Performance Measures
4(10)
Average Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
4(1)
Outage Probability
5(1)
Average Bit Error Probability (BEP)
6(6)
Amount of Fading
12(1)
Average Outage Duration
13(1)
Conclusions
14(3)
References
14(3)
Fading Channel Characterization and Modeling
17(28)
Main Characteristics of Fading Channels
17(2)
Envelope and Phase Fluctuations
17(1)
Slow and Fast Fading
18(1)
Frequency-Flat and Frequency-Selective Fading
18(1)
Modeling of Flat-Fading Channels
19(18)
Multipath Fading
20(1)
Rayleigh
20(2)
Nakagami-q (Hoyt)
22(1)
Nakagami-n (Rice)
23(1)
Nakagami-m
24(1)
Weibull
25(3)
Beckmann
28(2)
Spherically-Invariant Random Process Model
30(2)
Log-Normal Shadowing
32(1)
Composite Multipath/Shadowing
33(1)
Composite Gamma/Log-Normal Distribution
33(1)
Suzuki Distribution
34(1)
K Distribution
34(2)
Rician Shadowed Distributions
36(1)
Combined (Time-Shared) Shadowed/Unshadowed Fading
37(1)
Modeling of Frequency-Selective Fading Channels
37(8)
References
39(6)
Types of Communication
45(38)
Ideal Coherent Detection
45(17)
Multiple Amplitude-Shift-Keying (M-ASK) or Multiple Amplitude Modulation (M-AM)
47(1)
Quadrature Amplitude-Shift-Keying (QASK) or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
48(2)
M-ary Phase-Shift-Keying (M-PSK)
50(3)
Differentially Encoded M-ary Phase-Shift-Keying (M-PSK)
53(1)
π/4-QPSK
54(1)
Offset QPSK (OQPSK) or Staggered QPSK (SQPSK)
55(1)
M-ary Frequency-Shift-Keying (M-FSK)
56(2)
Minimum-Shift-Keying (MSK)
58(4)
Nonideal Coherent Detection
62(4)
Noncoherent Detection
66(2)
Partially Coherent Detection
68(15)
Conventional Detection
68(1)
One-Symbol Observation
68(1)
Multiple-Symbol Observation
69(2)
Differentially Coherent Detection
71(1)
M-ary Differential Phase-Shift-Keying (M-DPSK)
71(2)
Conventional Detection (Two-Symbol Observation)
73(3)
Multiple-Symbol Detection
76(2)
π/4-Differential QPSK (π/4-DQPSK)
78(1)
References
78(5)
PART 2 MATHEMATICAL TOOLS
Alternative Representations of Classical Functions
83(40)
Gaussian Q-Function
84(9)
One-Dimensional Case
84(2)
Two-Dimensional Case
86(2)
Other Forms for One- and Two-Dimensional Cases
88(2)
Alternative Representations of Higher Powers of the Gaussian Q-Function
90(3)
Marcum Q-Function
93(20)
First-Order Marcum Q-Function
93(4)
Upper and Lower Bounds
97(3)
Generalized (mth-Order) Marcum Q-Function
100(5)
Upper and Lower Bounds
105(8)
The Nuttall Q-Function
113(4)
Other Functions
117(6)
References
119(1)
Appendix 4A. Derivation of Eq. (4.2)
120(3)
Useful Expressions for Evaluating Average Error Probability Performance
123(46)
Integrals Involving the Gaussian Q-Function
123(8)
Rayleigh Fading Channel
125(1)
Nakagami-q (Hoyt) Fading Channel
125(1)
Nakagami-n (Rice) Fading Channel
126(1)
Nakagami-m Fading Channel
126(2)
Log-Normal Shadowing Channel
128(1)
Composite Log-Normal Shadowing/Nakagami-m Fading Channel
128(3)
Integrals Involving the Marcum Q-Function
131(6)
Rayleigh Fading Channel
132(1)
Nakagami-q (Hoyt) Fading Channel
133(1)
Nakagami-n (Rice) Fading Channel
133(1)
Nakagami-m Fading Channel
133(1)
Log-Normal Shadowing Channel
133(1)
Composite Log-Normal Shadowing/Nakagami-m Fading Channel
134(1)
Some Alternative Closed-Form Expressions
135(2)
Integrals Involving the Incomplete Gamma Function
137(4)
Rayleigh Fading Channel
138(1)
Nakagami-q (Hoyt) Fading Channel
139(1)
Nakagami-n (Rice) Fading Channel
139(1)
Nakagami-m Fading Channel
140(1)
Log-Normal Shadowing Channel
140(1)
Composite Log-Normal Shadowing/Nakagami-m Fading Channel
140(1)
Integrals Involving Other Functions
141(28)
The M-PSK Error Probability Integral
141(1)
Rayleigh Fading Channel
142(1)
Nakagami-m Fading Channel
142(1)
Arbitrary Two-Dimensional Signal Constellation Error Probability Integral
142(2)
Higher-Order Integer Powers of the Gaussian Q-Function
144(1)
Rayleigh Fading Channel
144(1)
Nakagami-m Fading Channel
145(1)
Integer Powers of M-PSK Error Probability Integrals
145(1)
Rayleigh Fading Channel
146(2)
References
148(1)
Appendix 5A. Evaluation of Definite Integrals Associated with Rayleigh and Nakagami-m Fading
149(1)
Exact Closed-Form Results
149(16)
Upper and Lower Bounds
165(4)
New Representations of Some Probability Density and Cumulative Distribution Functions for Correlative Fading Applications
169(20)
Bivariate Rayleigh PDF and CDF
170(5)
PDF and CDF for Maximum of Two Rayleigh Random Variables
175(2)
PDF and CDF for Maximum of Two Nakagami-m Random Variables
177(3)
PDF and CDF for Maximum and Minimum of Two Log-Normal Random Variables
180(9)
The Maximum of Two Log-Normal Random Variables
180(3)
The Minimum of Two Log-Normal Random Variables
183(2)
References
185(4)
PART 3 OPTIMUM RECEPTION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
Optimum Receivers for Fading Channels
189(34)
The Case of Known Amplitudes, Phases, and Delays---Coherent Detection
191(4)
The Case of Known Phases and Delays but Unknown Amplitudes
195(3)
Rayleigh Fading
195(1)
Nakagami-m Fading
196(2)
The Case of Known Amplitudes and Delays but Unknown Phases
198(1)
The Case of Known Delays but Unknown Amplitudes and Phases
199(20)
One-Symbol Observation---Noncoherent Detection
199(2)
Rayleigh Fading
201(5)
Nakagami-m Fading
206(5)
Two-Symbol Observation---Conventional Differentially Coherent Detection
211(3)
Rayleigh Fading
214(3)
Nakagami-m Fading
217(1)
Ns-Symbol Observation---Multiple Differentially Coherent Detection
217(1)
Rayleigh Fading
218(1)
Nakagami-m Fading
218(1)
The Case of Unknown Amplitudes, Phases, and Delays
219(4)
One-Symbol Observation---Noncoherent Detection
219(1)
Rayleigh Fading
220(1)
Nakagami-m Fading
221(1)
Two-Symbol Observation---Conventional Differentially Coherent Detection
221(1)
References
222(1)
Performance of Single-Channel Receivers
223(88)
Performance Over the AWGN Channel
223(29)
Ideal Coherent Detection
224(1)
Multiple Amplitude-Shift-Keying (M-ASK) or Multiple Amplitude Modulation (M-AM)
224(1)
Quadrature Amplitude-Shift-Keying (QASK) or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
225(3)
M-ary Phase-Shift-Keying (M-PSK)
228(6)
Differentially Encoded M-ary Phase-Shift-Keying (M-PSK) and π/4-QPSK
234(1)
Offset QPSK (OQPSK) or Staggered QPSK (SQPSK)
235(1)
M-ary Frequency-Shift-Keying (M-FSK)
236(1)
Minimum-Shift-Keying (MSK)
237(1)
Nonideal Coherent Detection
237(5)
Noncoherent Detection
242(1)
Partially Coherent Detection
242(1)
Conventional Detection (One-Symbol Observation)
242(2)
Multiple-Symbol Detection
244(1)
Differentially Coherent Detection
245(1)
M-ary Differential Phase-Shift-Keying (M-DPSK)
245(4)
M-DPSK with Multiple-Symbol Detection
249(1)
π/4-Differential QPSK (π/4-DQPSK)
250(1)
Generic Results for Binary Signaling
251(1)
Performance Over Fading Channels
252(59)
Ideal Coherent Detection
252(1)
Multiple Amplitude-Shift-Keying (M-ASK) or Multiple Amplitude Modulation (M-AM)
253(1)
Quadrature Amplitude-Shift-Keying (QASK) or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
254(2)
M-ary Phase-Shift-Keying (M-PSK)
256(2)
Differentially Encoded M-ary Phase-Shift-Keying (M-PSK) and π/4-QPSK
258(4)
Offset QPSK (OQPSK) or Staggered QPSK (SQPSK)
262(1)
M-ary Frequency-Shift-Keying (M-FSK)
262(5)
Minimum-Shift-Keying (MSK)
267(1)
Nonideal Coherent Detection
267(6)
Simplified Noisy Reference Loss Evaluation
273(8)
Noncoherent Detection
281(1)
Partially Coherent Detection
282(2)
Differentially Coherent Detection
284(1)
M-ary Differential Phase-Shift-Keying (M-DPSK)---Slow Fading
285(5)
M-ary Differential Phase-Shift-Keying (M-DPSK)---Fast Fading
290(4)
π/4-Differential QPSK (π/4-DQPSK)
294(1)
Performance in the Presence of Imperfect Channel Estimation
294(1)
Signal Model and Symbol Error Probability Evaluation for Rayleigh Fading
295(2)
Special Cases
297(4)
References
301(3)
Appendix 8A. Stein's Unified Analysis of the Error Probability Performance of Certain Communication Systems
304(7)
Performance of Multichannel Receivers
311(370)
Diversity Combining
312(4)
Diversity Concept
312(1)
Mathematical Modeling
312(1)
Brief Survey of Diversity Combining Techniques
313(1)
Pure Combining Techniques
313(2)
Hybrid Combining Techniques
315(1)
Complexity--Performance Tradeoffs
316(1)
Maximal-Ratio Combining (MRC)
316(15)
Receiver Structure
317(2)
PDF-Based Approach
319(1)
MGF-Based Approach
320(1)
Average Bit Error Rate of Binary Signals
320(2)
Average Symbol Error Rate of M-PSK Signals
322(1)
Average Symbol Error Rate of M-AM Signals
323(1)
Average Symbol Error Rate of Square M-QAM Signals
324(2)
Bounds and Asymptotic SER Expressions
326(5)
Coherent Equal Gain Combining
331(11)
Receiver Structure
331(1)
Average Output SNR
332(1)
Exact Error Rate Analysis
333(1)
Binary Signals
333(6)
Extension to M-PSK Signals
339(1)
Approximate Error Rate Analysis
340(2)
Asymptotic Error Rate Analysis
342(1)
Noncoherent and Differentially Coherent Equal Gain Combining
342(33)
DPSK, DQPSK, and BFSK Performance (Exact and with Bounds)
343(1)
Receiver Structures
343(3)
Exact Analysis of Average Bit Error Probability
346(6)
Bounds on Average Bit Error Probability
352(1)
M-ary Orthogonal FSK
353(3)
Exact Analysis of Average Bit Error Probability
356(8)
Numerical Examples
364(3)
Multiple-Symbol Differential Detection with Diversity Combining
367(1)
Decision Metrics
367(1)
Average Bit Error Rate Performance
368(3)
Asymptotic (Large Ns) Behavior
371(1)
Numerical Results
372(3)
Optimum Diversity Combining of Noncoherent FSK
375(4)
Comparison with the Noncoherent Equal Gain Combining Receiver
377(1)
Extension to the M-ary Orthogonal FSK Case
378(1)
Outage Probability Performance
379(10)
MRC and Noncoherent EGC
379(1)
Coherent EGC
380(1)
Numerical Examples
381(8)
Impact of Fading Correlation
389(15)
Model A: Two Correlated Branches with Nonidentical Fading
390(1)
PDF
390(2)
MGF
392(1)
Model B: D Identically Distributed Branches with Constant Correlation
392(1)
PDF
393(1)
MGF
393(1)
Model C: D Identically Distributed Branches with Exponential Correlation
394(1)
PDF
394(1)
MGF
394(1)
Model D: D Nonidentically Distributed Branches with Arbitrary Correlation
395(1)
MGF
395(1)
Special Cases of Interest
396(1)
Proof that Correlation Degrades Performance
397(2)
Numerical Examples
399(5)
Selection Combining
404(13)
MGF of Output SNR
405(1)
Average Output SNR
406(3)
Outage Probability
409(1)
Analysis
409(1)
Numerical Example
410(1)
Average Probability of Error
411(1)
BDPSK and Noncoherent BFSK
411(2)
Coherent BPSK and BFSK
413(2)
Numerical Example
415(2)
Switched Diversity
417(39)
Dual-Branch Switch-and-Stay Combining
419(1)
Performance of SSC over Independent Identically Distributed Branches
419(14)
Effect of Branch Unbalance
433(3)
Effect of Branch Correlation
436(3)
Multibranch Switch-and-Examine Combining
439(1)
Classical Multibranch SEC
440(3)
Multibranch SEC with Post-selection
443(3)
Scan-and-Wait Combining
446(10)
Performance in the Presence of Outdated or Imperfect Channel Estimates
456(10)
Maximal-Ratio Combining
457(1)
Noncoherent EGC over Rician Fast Fading
458(3)
Selection Combining
461(1)
Switched Diversity
462(1)
SSC Output Statistics
462(1)
Average SNR
463(1)
Average Probability of Error
463(1)
Numerical Results
464(2)
Combining in Diversity-Rich Environments
466(71)
Two-Dimensional Diversity Schemes
466(2)
Performance Analysis
468(1)
Numerical Examples
469(1)
Generalized Selection Combining
469(3)
I.I.D. Rayleigh Case
472(20)
Non-I.I.D. Rayleigh Case
492(5)
I.I.D. Nakagami-m Case
497(5)
Partial-MGF Approach
502(8)
I.I.D. Weibull Case
510(2)
Generalized Selection Combining with Threshold Test per Branch (T-GSC)
512(3)
Average Error Probability Performance
515(5)
Outage Probability Performance
520(4)
Performance Comparisons
524(7)
Generalized Switched Diversity (GSSC)
531(1)
GSSC Output Statistics
531(1)
Average Probability of Error
532(1)
Generalized Selection Combining Based on the Log-Likelihood Ratio
532(1)
Optimum (LLR-Based) GSC for Equiprobable BPSK
533(3)
Envelope-Based GSC
536(1)
Optimum GSC for Noncoherently Detected Equiprobable Orthogonal BFSK
536(1)
Post-detection Combining
537(29)
System and Channel Models
537(1)
Overall System Description
537(1)
Channel Model
537(2)
Receiver
539(1)
Post-detection Switched Combining Operation
539(1)
Switching Strategy and Mechanism
539(1)
Switching Threshold
540(1)
Average BER Analysis
540(2)
Identically Distributed Branches
542(1)
Nonidentically Distributed Branches
542(1)
Rayleigh Fading
543(1)
Identically Distributed Branches
544(3)
Nonidentically Distributed Branches
547(1)
Impact of the Severity of Fading
548(2)
Average BER
550(2)
Numerical Examples and Discussion
552(1)
Extension to Orthogonal M-FSK
552(1)
System Model and Switching Operation
552(3)
Average Probability of Error
555(7)
Numerical Examples
562(4)
Performance of Dual-Branch Diversity Combining Schemes over Log-Normal Channels
566(18)
System and Channel Models
566(2)
Maximal-Ratio Combining
568(1)
Moments of the Output SNR
568(2)
Outage Probability
570(1)
Extension to Equal Gain Combining
571(1)
Selection Combining
571(1)
Moments of the Output SNR
572(3)
Outage Probability
575(1)
Switched Combining
575(1)
Moments of the Output SNR
576(5)
Outage Probability
581(3)
Average Outage Duration
584(10)
System and Channel Models
585(1)
Fading Channel Models
585(1)
GSC Mode of Operation
585(1)
Average Outage Duration and Average Level Crossing Rate
586(1)
Problem Formulation
586(1)
General Formula for the Average LCR of GSC
586(3)
I.I.D. Rayleigh Fading
589(1)
Generic Expressions for GSC
589(1)
Special Cases: SC and MRC
590(1)
Numerical Examples
591(3)
Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output (MIMO) Antenna Diversity Systems
594(45)
System, Channel, and Signal Models
594(1)
Optimum Weight Vectors and Output SNR
595(1)
Distributions of the Largest Eigenvalue of Noncentral Complex Wishart Matrices
596(1)
CDF of S
596(2)
PDF of S
598(1)
PDF of Output SNR and Outage Probability
599(1)
Special Cases
600(1)
Numerical Results and Discussion
601(3)
References
604(15)
Appendix 9A. Alternative Forms of the Bit Error Probability for a Decision Statistic that Is a Quadratic Form of Complex Gaussian Random Variables
619(6)
Appendix 9B. Simple Numerical Techniques for Inversion of Laplace Transform of Cumulative Distribution Functions
625(1)
Euler Summation-Based Technique
625(1)
Gauss--Chebyshev Quadrature-Based Technique
626(1)
Appendix 9C. The Relation between the Power Correlation Coefficient of Correlated Rician Random Variables and the Correlation Coefficient of Their Underlying Complex Gaussian Random Variables
627(4)
Appendix 9D. Proof of Theorem 9.1
631(1)
Appendix 9E. Direct Proof of Eq. (9.438)
632(2)
Appendix 9F. Special Definite Integrals
634(5)
PART 4 MULTIUSER COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Outage Performance of Multiuser Communication Systems
639(9)
Outage Probability in Interference-Limited Systems
640(1)
A Probability Related to the CDF of the Difference of Two Chi-Square Variates with Different Degrees of Freedom
640(3)
Fading and System Models
643(1)
Channel Fading Models
643(1)
Desired and Interference Signals Model
644(1)
A Generic Formula for the Outage Probability
644(1)
Nakagami/Nakagami Scenario
645(1)
Rice/Rice Scenario
646(1)
Rice/Nakagami Scenario
647(1)
Nakagami/Rice Scenario
647(1)
Outage Probability with a Minimum Desired Signal Power Constraint
648(11)
Models and Problem Formulation
648(1)
Fading and System Models
648(1)
Outage Probability Definition
648(1)
Rice/I.I.D. Nakagami Scenario
649(1)
Rice/I.I.D. Rayleigh Scenario
649(3)
Extension to Rice/I.I.D. Nakagami Scenario
652(1)
Numerical Examples
652(2)
Nakagami/I.I.D. Rice Scenario
654(1)
Rayleigh/I.I.D. Rice Scenario
654(2)
Extension to Nakagami/I.I.D. Rice Scenario
656(1)
Numerical Examples
657(2)
Outage Probability with Dual-Branch SC and SSC Diversity
659(8)
Fading and System Models
661(1)
Outage Performance with Minimum Signal Power Constraint
661(1)
Selection Combining
662(1)
Switch-and-Stay Combining
663(1)
Numerical Examples
664(3)
Outage Rate and Average Outage Duration of Multiuser Communication Systems
667(14)
References
671(3)
Appendix 10A. A Probability Related to the CDF of the Difference of Two Chi-Square Variates with Different Degrees of Freedom
674(4)
Appendix 10B. Outage Probability in the Nakagami/Nakagami Interference-Limited Scenario
678(3)
Optimum Combining -- a Diversity Technique for Communication over Fading Channels in the Presence of Interference
681(54)
Performance of Diversity Combining Receivers
682(39)
Single Interferer; Independent, Identically Distributed Fading
682(4)
Rayleigh Fading --- Exact Evaluation of Average Bit Error Probability
686(3)
Rayleigh Fading --- Approximate Evaluation of Average Bit Error Probability
689(3)
Extension to Other Modulations
692(1)
Rician Fading --- Evaluation of Average Bit Error Probability
693(2)
Nakagami-m Fading --- Evaluation of Average Bit Error Probability
695(2)
Multiple Equal Power Interferers; Independent, Identically Distributed Fading
697(3)
Number of Interferers Less than Number of Array Elements
700(6)
Number of Interferers Equal to or Greater than Number of Array Elements
706(4)
Comparison with Results for MRC in the Presence of Interference
710(5)
Multiple Arbitrary Power Interferers; Independent, Identically Distributed Fading
715(1)
Average SEP of M-PSK
715(1)
Numerical Results
716(2)
Multiple-Symbol Differential Detection in the Presence of Interference
718(1)
Decision Metric
718(1)
Average BEP
718(3)
Optimum Combining with Multiple Transmit and Receive Antennas
721(14)
System, Channel, and Signals Models
721(2)
Optimum Weight Vectors and Output SIR
723(1)
PDF of Output SIR and Outage Probability
723(1)
PDF of Output SIR
724(1)
Outage Probability
724(1)
Special Case When Lt = 1
725(1)
Key Observations
726(1)
Distribution of Antenna Elements
726(1)
Effects of Correlation between Receiver Antenna Pairs
726(1)
Numerical Examples
727(2)
References
729(3)
Appendix 11A. Distributions of the Largest Eigenvalue of Certain Quadratic Forms in Complex Gaussian Vectors
732(1)
General Result
732(1)
Special Case
733(2)
Direct-Sequence Code-Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA)
735(24)
Single-Carrier DS-CDMA Systems
736(5)
System and Channel Models
736(1)
Transmitted Signal
736(1)
Channel Model
737(1)
Receiver
738(1)
Performance Analysis
739(1)
General Case
740(1)
Application to Nakagami-m Fading Channels
740(1)
Multicarrier DS-CDMA Systems
741(18)
System and Channel Models
742(1)
Transmitter
742(1)
Channel
743(1)
Receiver
743(1)
Notations
744(1)
Performance Analysis
745(1)
Conditional SNR
745(4)
Average BER
749(1)
Numerical Examples
750(4)
References
754(5)
PART 5 CODED COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Coded Communication over Fading Channels
759(38)
Coherent Detection
761(20)
System Model
761(2)
Evaluation of Pairwise Error Probability
763(1)
Known Channel State Information
764(4)
Unknown Channel State Information
768(4)
Transfer Function Bound on Average Bit Error Probability
772(2)
Known Channel State Information
774(1)
Unknown Channel State Information
774(1)
An Alternative Formulation of the Transfer Function Bound
774(1)
An Example
775(6)
Differentially Coherent Detection
781(6)
System Model
781(2)
Performance Evaluation
783(1)
Unknown Channel State Information
783(2)
Known Channel State Information
785(1)
An Example
785(2)
Numerical Results---Comparison between the True Upper Bounds and Union--Chernoff Bounds
787(10)
References
792(1)
Appendix 13A. Evaluation of a Moment Generating Function Associated with Differential Detection of M-PSK Sequences
793(4)
Multichannel Transmission -- Transmit Diversity and Space-Time Coding
797(66)
A Historical Perspective
799(1)
Transmit versus Receive Diversity---Basic Concepts
800(3)
Alamouti's Diversity Technique---a Simple Transmit Diversity Scheme Using Two Transmit Antennas
803(6)
Generalization of Alamouti's Diversity Technique to Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code Designs
809(3)
Alamouti's Diversity Technique Combined with Multidimensional Trellis-Coded Modulation
812(6)
Evaluation of Pairwise Error Probability Performance on Fast Rician Fading Channels
814(3)
Evaluation of Pairwise Error Probability Performance on Slow Rician Fading Channels
817(1)
Space-Time Trellis-Coded Modulation
818(15)
Evaluation of Pairwise Error Probability Performance on Fast Rician Fading Channels
820(1)
Evaluation of Pairwise Error Probability Performance on Slow Rician Fading Channels
821(3)
An Example
824(3)
Approximate Evaluation of Average Bit Error Probability
827(1)
Fast-Fading Channel Model
827(2)
Slow-Fading Channel Model
829(2)
Evaluation of the Transfer Function Upper Bound on Average Bit Error Probability
831(1)
Fast-Fading Channel Model
831(2)
Slow-Fading Channel Model
833(1)
Other Combinations of Space-Time Block Codes and Space-Time Trellis Codes
833(25)
Super-Orthogonal Space-Time Trellis Codes
834(1)
The Parameterized Class of Space-Time Block Codes and System Model
834(2)
Evaluation of the Pairwise Error Probability
836(8)
Extension of the Results to Super-Orthogonal Codes with More than Two Transmit Antennas
844(1)
Approximate Evaluation of Average Bit Error Probability
845(1)
Evaluation of the Transfer Function Upper Bound on the Average Bit Error Probability
846(2)
Numerical Results
848(2)
Super-Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Trellis Codes
850(1)
Signal Model
850(2)
Evaluation of Pairwise Error Probability
852(1)
Examples
853(4)
Numerical Results
857(1)
Disclaimer
858(5)
References
859(4)
Capacity of Fading Channels
863(14)
Channel and System Model
863(2)
Optimum Simultaneous Power and Rate Adaptation
865(2)
No Diversity
865(1)
Maximal-Ratio Combining
866(1)
Optimum Rate Adaptation with Constant Transmit Power
867(2)
No Diversity
868(1)
Maximal-Ratio Combining
869(1)
Channel Inversion with Fixed Rate
869(2)
No Diversity
870(1)
Maximal-Ratio Combining
870(1)
Numerical Examples
871(5)
Capacity of MIMO Fading Channels
876(1)
References 877(1)
Appendix 15A. Evaluation of Jn(μ) 878(2)
Appendix 15B. Evaluation of In(μ) 880(3)
Index 883

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