
Harnessing Farms and Forests in the Low-Carbon Economy: How to Create, Measure, and Verify Greenhouse Gas Offsets
by Nicholas Institute for Environmental Pol; Willey, Zach; Chameides, Bill-
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Summary
Table of Contents
Foreword | p. vii |
Preface | p. ix |
Overview | |
Introduction: The Role of Landowners and Farmers in the New Low-Carbon Economy | p. 3 |
The Process of Creating Offsets | p. 10 |
Land-Management Options for Creating Offsets | p. 22 |
Steps in Determining a Project's Offsets | |
Step 1: Scoping the Costs and Benefits of a Proposed Project | p. 39 |
Step 2: Determining Additionality and Baselines | p. 46 |
Step 3: Quantifying the Carbon Sequestered in Forests | p. 52 |
Step 4: Quantifying the Carbon Sequestered in Soil | p. 64 |
Step 5: Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Manure | p. 75 |
Step 6: Quantifying and Minimizing Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Soil | p. 84 |
Step 7: Estimating Leakage or Off-Site Emissions Caused by the Project | p. 91 |
Step 8: Verifying and Registering Offsets | p. 99 |
Conclusion: Putting These Guidelines into Practice | p. 107 |
Appendices | |
Key Factors to Consider in Developing a Sampling Strategy | p. 111 |
Quantifying Inadvertent Emissions from Project Activities | p. 115 |
Using Statistics in Quantifying Offsets | p. 118 |
Calculating Levelized Costs and Benefits | p. 125 |
Categorical Additionality and Barrier Tests | p. 128 |
Using Periodic Transition Rates to Calculate Baselines | p. 131 |
Typical Carbon Stocks in Forest Pools | p. 136 |
Protocols for Measuring Carbon in Subplots | p. 139 |
Using Stocking Surveys to Monitor Forest Projects | p. 143 |
Determining the Density of Woody Materials | p. 146 |
Correcting for the Degree of Slope | p. 156 |
Calculating Carbon Stock and Changes in Carbon Stock | p. 159 |
Adapting Biomass Equations from One Species to Another | p. 165 |
Developing New Biomass Equations | p. 166 |
Using Stand-Level Equations | p. 175 |
Calculating Changes in Carbon Sequestration When Soil Density Changes | p. 176 |
Determining Mass-Specific Ratios | p. 179 |
Calculating Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Manure | p. 181 |
The Dynamics of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Soil | p. 184 |
Market Leakage and Activity Shifting | p. 186 |
Land-Management Projects and Changes in Demand | p. 187 |
Addressing Leakage from Forestation Projects | p. 188 |
Using Regression Analysis to Calculate Elasticity | p. 190 |
Guidelines for Auditing Greenhouse Gases | p. 191 |
Verifying and Registering Offsets under the Kyoto Protocol | p. 193 |
Choosing a Registry | p. 196 |
Sample Field Protocol: Establishing Plots and Measuring Biomass in a Forestry Project | p. 201 |
Notes | p. 209 |
Bibliography | p. 215 |
Index | p. 223 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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