Chapter 2: The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 C.E.
The Land and Its First Settlers (ca3000-1500 B.C.E)
The Aryans and the Vedic Age (ca 1500-500 B.C.E)
Early Indian Society, 1000-500 B.C.E.
India’s Great Religions
Individuals in Society: Gosala
Siddhartha Gautama and Buddhism
India and the West (ca 513-298 B.C.E)
The Mauryan Empire (ca 322-185 B.C.E)
The Reign of Ashoka (ca 269-232 B.C.E)
Small States and the Trading Networks (200 B.C.E. -300 C.E.
Chapter 3: China’s Classical Age, to 256 B.C.E.
The Emergence of Civilization in China
The Shang Dynasty (ca 1500-ca1050 B.C.E)
The Early Zhou Dynasty (ca 1050-500 BCE)
Zhou Politics
The Warring States Period (500-221 BCE)
Confucius and His Followers
Individuals in Society: Guan Zhong
Daoism, Legalism, and Other Schools of Thought
Chapter 4: The Greek Experience (ca 3500-146 B.C.E)
The Polis (ca 800 B.C.E)
The Archaic Age (ca 800-500 B.C.E)
The Classical Period (500-338 B.C.E)
The Deadly Conflicts (499-404 B.C.E)
Athenian Arts in the Age of Pericles
Aspects of Social Life in Athens
The Flowering of Philosophy
From Polis to Monarchy (404-323 B.C.E)
The Spread of Hellenism
Building a Shared Society
The Economic Scope of the Hellenistic World
Hellenistic Intellectual Advances
Religion in the Hellenistic World
Philosophy and the People
Individuals in Society: Archimedes
Chapter 5: The World of Rome (753 B.C.E- 479 C.E.)
The Etruscans and Rome (ca 750-290 B.C.E)
The Etruscans and the Roman Settlement of Italy
The Roman Conquest of Italy (509-209 B.C.E)
The Roman Republic
Roman Expansion and Its Repercussions (282-27 B.C.E)
The Age of Overseas Conquest (282-45 B.C.E)
Old Values and Greek Culture
The Late Republic (133-31 B.C.E)
The Pax Romana
Augustus’s Settlement (31 B.C.E-14 C.E)
Administration and Expansion under Augustus
The Coming of Christianity
The Life and Teachings of Jesus
The Spread of Christianity
The Appeal of Christianity
The "Golden" Age
Individuals in Society: Plutarch of Chaironeia
Rome and the East (235-284 C.E.)
Conflict and Commerce between Rome and Parthia
Contacts Between Rome and China
The Empire from crisis to Triumph (284-337 C.E.)
Reconstruction under Diocletian and Constantine
The Acceptance of Christianity
The Construction of Constantinople
From the Classical World to Late Antiquity
Chapter 6: East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism,
256 B.C.E.–800 C.E.
The Age of Empire in China
The Qin Unification (256-206 BCE)
The Han Dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE)
Inner Asia and the Silk Road
Han Intellectual and Cultural Life
Economy and Society in Han China
Individuals in Society: The Ban Family
The Fall of the Han and the Age of Division
The Spread of Buddhism Out of India
The Chinese Empire Re-created: Sui (581–618) and
Tang (618–907)
The Tang Dynasty (618-907)
The East Asian Cultural Sphere
Chapter 7: Europe and Western Asia, ca 350-850
The Byzantine Empire
Sources of Byzantine Strength
The Sasanid Kingdom of Persia and Byzantium
Individuals in Society: Theodora of Constantinople
The Law Code of Justinian
Byzantine Intellectual Life
Constantinople: The Second Rome
The Growth of the Christian Church
The Church and its Leaders
The Western Church and the Eastern Church
The Iconoclastic Controversy
Christian Ideas and Practices
Adjustment to Classical Culture
Conversion and Assimilation
Migrating Peoples
Social and Economic Structures
Chapter 8: The Islamic World, ca 600-1400
The Origins of Islam
Islamic States and Their Expansion
Reasons for the Spread of Islam
Administration of the Islamic Territories
Fragmentation and Military Challenges (900-1400)
The Ascendancy of the Turks
Muslim Society: The Life of the People
Women in Classical Islamic Society
Trade and Commerce
Individuals in Society: Abu ‘Abdallah Ibn Battuta
Education and Intellectual Life
Muslim-Christian Encounters.
Chapter 9: African Societies and Kingdoms, ca 400-1450
The Land and Peoples of Africa
Kingdoms of the Western Sudan, ca 1000 BCE-1500 CE
African Kingdoms and Empires (ca 800-1450)
The Kingdom of Ghana (ca 900-1100)
The Kingdom of Mali (ca1200-1450)
Ethiopia: the Christian Kingdom of Axum
Individuals in Society: Amda Siyon
The East African City-States
Chapter 10: Civilizations of the Americas, 2500 BCE- 1500 CE
The Early Peoples of the Americas
The Development of Agriculture
Early Civilizations
Mounds, Towns, and Trade in North and South America
Classical Era Mesoamerica and North America
Maya Technology and Trade
Maya Science and Religion
Teotihuacán and the Toltecs
Hohokam, Hopewell, and Mississippian
The Aztecs
Religion and War in Aztec Society
Individuals in Society: Tlacaélel
The Incas
Earlier Peruvian Cultures
Chapter 11: Central and Southern Asia, to 1400
Central Asian Nomads
Chinggis Khan and the Mongol Empire
East-West Communication During the Mongol Era
India, 300-1400
The Gupta Empire (ca 320-480)
India’s Medieval Age (ca 500-1400) and the
First Encounter with Islam
Individuals in Society: Bhaskara the Teacher
Daily Life in Medieval India
The Spread of Indian Culture in Comparative Perspective
Chapter 12: East Asia, ca 800-1400
The Medieval Chinese Economic Revolution (800-1100)
China During the Song Dynasty (960-1279)
The Scholar-Officials and New-Confucianism
Individuals in Society: Shen Gua
Japan’s Heian Period (794-1185)
The Samurai and The Kamakura Shogunate (1185-1333)
Chapter 13: Europe in the Middle Ages, 850-1400
Political Developments
Feudalism and Manorialism
Revival and Reform in the Christian Church
Individuals in Society: Hildegard of Bingen
The Expansion of Latin Christendom
Toward a Christian Society
The Crusades
Background of the Crusades
The Course of the Crusades
The Changing Life of the People
The Expansion of Long-Distance Trade
The Culture of the Middle Ages
Universities and Scholasticism
Crises of the Later Middle Ages
The Great Famine and the Black Death
Peasant and Urban Revolts
Chapter 14: Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation,
1350-1600
Renaissance Culture
Economic and Political Context
Intellectual Change
Individuals in Society: Leonardo Da Vinci
Social Hierarchies
Politics and the State in the Renaissance (ca 1450–1521)
The Protestant Reformation
Protestant Thought and Its Appeal
The Radical Reformation and the German Peasants’ War
The Reformation and Marriage
The Reformation and German Politics
The Spread of the Protestant Reformation
The Catholic Reformation
The Reformed Papacy and the Council of Trent
Religious Violence
The Netherlands Under Charles V
The Great European Witch-Hunt
Chapter 15: The Acceleration of Global Contact
The Indian Ocean: Hub of an Afro-Eurasian Trading World
European Discovery, Reconnaissance, and Expansion
Causes of European Expanision
Technological Stimuli to Exploration
The Portuguese Overseas Empire
Individuals in Society: Zheng He
The Problem of Christopher Columbus
The Impact of Contact
Spanish Settlement and Indigenous Population Decline
Global Trade Networks
The Chinese and Japanese Discovery of the West
The World-Wide Economic Effects of Spanish Silver
Chapter 16: Absolutism and Constitutionalism in
Europe, ca 1589-1725
Seventeenth-Century Crisis and Rebuilding
Economic and Demographic Crisis
The Return of Serfdom in the East
The Thirty Years’ War
Seventeenth-Century State-Building: Common
Obstacles and Achievements
Absolutism in France and Spain
The Foundations of Absolutism: Henry IV, Sully, and Richelieu
Financial and Economic Management Under Louis XIV: Colbert
The Decline of Absolutist Spain in the Seventeenth Century
Absolutism in Eastern Europe: Austria, Prussia, and Russia
Prussia in the Seventeenth Century
The Consolidation of Prussian Absolutism
The Mongol Yoke and the Rise of Moscow
The Reforms of Peter the Great
Constitutionalism
Absolutist Claims in England (1603-1649)
Puritanical Absolutism in England: Cromwell
The Restoration of the English Monarchy
The Triumph of England’s Parliament: Constitutional
Monarchy and Cabinet Government
The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century
Individuals in Society: Glückel of Hameln
Chapter 17: Toward a New Worldview in the West
The Scientific Revolution
Scientific Thought in 1500
The Copernican Hypothesis
Causes of the Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment
The Emergence of the Enlightenment
The Philosophes and the Public
Urban Culture and the Public Sphere
Race and the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment and Absolutism
Frederick the Great of Prussia
Individuals in Society: Moses Mendelssohn
and the Jewish Enlightenment
Catherine the Great of Russia
Chapter 18: Africa and the World, ca 1400–1800
Senegambia and Benin
Women, Marriage, and Work
The Sudan: Songhay, Kanem-Bornu, and Hausaland
Ethiopia
The Swahili City-States
The African Slave Trade
Individuals in Society: Olaudah Equiano
Consequences Within Africa
Chapter 19: The Islamic World Powers, ca 1400-1800
The Three Turkish Ruling Houses: The Ottomans,
Safavids, and Mughals
The Ottoman Turkish Empire
Individuals in Society: Hürrem
The Safavid Theoracy in Persia
The Mughal Empire in India
Cultural Flowering
Intellectual and Religious Trends
Non-Muslims Under Muslim Rule
Shifting Trade Routes and European Penetration
European Rivalry for the Indian Trade
The Rise of the British East India Company
Dynastic Decline
Chapter 20: Continuity and Change in East Asia,
ca 1400–1800
Ming China, 1368-1644
Problems with the Imperial Institution
The Mongols and the Great Wall
Individuals in Society: Tan Yunxian, Woman Doctor
The Manchus and Qing China, 1644–1800
Competent and Long-Lived Emperors
Japan’s Middle Ages
The Victors: Nobunaga and Hideyoshi
The Tokugawa Shogunate
The Life of the People in the Edo Period
East Asian Maritime Trade and Piracy
Piracy and Japan’s Overseas Adventures
Europeans Enter the Scene
British Efforts to Expand Trade with China
in the Eighteenth Century
Chapter 21:The Revolution in Politics, 1775-1815
Background to Revolution
Legal Orders and Social Change
The Crisis of Political Legitimacy
The Impact of the American Revolution
Revolution in Metropole and Colony, 1789-1791
The Formation of the National Assembly
The Revolt of the Poor and the Oppressed
Revolutionary Aspirations in Saint-Domingue
World War and Republican France, 1791-1799
Foreign Reactions and the Beginning of War
Revolution in Saint-Domingue
The Thermidorian Reaction and the Directory, 1794-1799
The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815
Napoleon’s Rule of France
Napoleon’s Expansion in Europe
The War of Haitian Independence
The Grand Empire and Its End
Chapter 22: The Industrial Revolution in Europe, ca 1780-1860
The Initial Breakthrough in England
Eighteenth-Century Origins
The Agricultural Revolution
The Growth of Foreign Trade
Energy and Transportation
The Steam Engine Breakthrough
The Coming of the Railroads
Industrialization in Continental Europe
The Challenge of Industrialization
Agents of Industrialization
Capital and Labor
The New Class of Factory Owners
Individuals in Society: The Strutt Family
The Sexual Division of Labor
Chapter 23: The Triumph of Nationalism in Europe, 1815-1914
Peace, Radical Ideas, and Romanticism
Reforms and Revolutions, 1815-1850
Liberal Reform in Great Britain
The Revolutions of 1848 in Central Europe
Nation Building in Italy, Germany, and Russia
Cavour, Garibaldi, and the Unification of Italy
Bismarck and German Unification
Individuals in Society: Giuseppe Garibaldi
The Modernization of Russia
Life in Urban Society
Social Structure and The Middle Classes
The Responsive National State, 1871-1914
Great Britain and the Austro-Hungarian Empire
Jewish Emancipation and Modern Anti-Semitism
Chapter 24: Africa, Southwest Asia, and Western
Imperialism, 1800-1914
Industrialization and the World Economy
The Rise of Global Inequality
Western Imperialism, 1880-1914
Causes of the New Imperialism
Western Critics of Imperialism
African and Asian Resistance
The Islamic Heartland Under Pressure
Decline and Reform in the Ottoman Empire
Egypt: From Reform to British Occupation
Sub-Saharan Africa: From the Slave Trade to European Rule
African Trade and Social Change (1800-1880)
Islamic Revival and Expansion
The Seizure of Africa (1880-1902)
Southern Africa in the Nineteenth Century
The Imperial System (1900-1930)
Chapter 25: Asia in the Era of Imperialism, 1800-1914
India and the British Empire in Asia
Competition for Southeast Asia
China Under Pressure
The Self-Strengthening Movement
The End of the Monarchy in China
Japan’s Rapid Transformation
Japan as an Imperial Power
The Movement of Peoples
Individuals in Society: Jose Rizal
Chapter 26: Nation Building in the Western
Hemisphere and Australia
Latin America, 1800-1929
The Origins of the Revolutions
Resistance and Rebellion
Independence
Neocolonialism
The Impact of Immigration
The United States, 1789-1929
Black Slavery in the South
Individuals in Society: Crazy Horse
Industrialization and Immigration
Canada, from French Colony to Nation
Australia, from Penal Colony to Nation
The New Countries in Comparative Perspective
Chapter 27: The Great Break: War and Revolution
The First World War
The Bismarckian System of Alliances
The Home Front
Growing Political Tensions
Individuals in Society: Vera Brittain
The Russian Revolution
The Fall of Imperial Russia
The Provisional Government
Lenin and the Bolshevik Revolution
Dictatorship and Civil War
The Peace Settlement
American Rejection of the Versailles Treaty
Chapter 28: Nationalism in Asia, 1914-1939
The First World War and Western Imperialism
The Middle East
The First World War and the Arab Revolt
The Arab States and Palestine
Toward Self-Rule in India
Promises and Repression (1914-1919)
The Roots of Militant Nonviolence
Turmoil in East Asia
The Rise of Nationalist China
China’s Intellectual Revolution
From Liberalism to Ultranationalism in Japan
Individuals in Society: Ning Lao
Chapter 29: The Age of Anxiety in the West
Uncertainty in Modern Thought
The Revival of Christianity
Twentieth-Century Literature
Modern Art and Music
Modern Painting and Music
Movies and Radio
The Search for Peace and Political Stability
Germany and the Western Powers
Hope in Foreign Affairs (1924-1929)
Individuals in Society: Gustav Stresemann
The Great Depression (1929-1939)
The New Deal in the United States
The Scandinavian Response to the Depression
Recovery and Reform in Britain and France
Chapter 30: Dictatorships and the Second World War
Authoritarian States
Conservative Authoritarianism
Radical Totalitarian Dictatorships
Stalin’s Soviet Union
Life and Culture in Soviet Society
Stalinist Terror and the Great Purges
Mussolini and Fascism in Italy
Hitler and Nazism in Germany
The Nazi State and Society
Aggression and Appeasement (1933-1939)
The Second World War
Hitler’s Empire in Europe, 1939-1942
Individuals in Society: Primo Levi
The War in Europe, 1942-1945
The War in the Pacific, 1942-1945
Chapter 31:Global Recovery and Division Between
Superpowers
The Division of Europe
The Origins of the Cold War
Renaissance and Crisis in Western Europe
The Postwar Challenge
"Building Europe" and Decolonization
The Changing Class Structure
Economic and Social Dislocation, 1970-1990
The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, 1945-1991
Limited De-Stalinization and Stagnation
Cold War Finale and Soviet Disintegration
Individuals in Society: Vaclav Havel
The United States: Confrontation and Transformation
America’s Economic Boom and Civil Rights Revolution
Youth and the Counterculture
The United States in World Affairs, 1964-1991
Japan’s Resurgence as a First World Power
Japan’s American Revolution
Japan in the Post-Cold War World
The Post-Cold War Era in Europe, 1991 to the Present
Common Patterns and Problems
Recasting Eastern Europe and Russia Without Communism
Chapter 32: Latin America, Asia, and Africa in
the Contemporary World
Latin America: Moving Toward Democracy
Economic Nationalism in Latin America
Authoritarianism and Democracy in Latin America
Latin America in the 1990s
The Resurgence of East Asia
The Communist Victory in China
The Asian "Economic Tigers"
Political and Economic Progress in Southeast Asia
The Reunification of Vietnam
New Nations and Old Rivalries in South Asia
The Islamic Heartland
The Arab-Israeli Conflict
Israel and the Palestinians
Nationalism, Fundamentalism, and Competition
Imperialism and Nationalism in Sub-Saharan Africa
The Growth of African Nationalism
Achieving Independence with New Leaders
Sub-Saharan Africa Since 1960
Striving for National Unity
Individuals in Society: Leopold Sedar Senghor
The Struggle in Southern Africa
Political Reform in Africa Since 1990
Interpreting the Experiences of the Emerging World
Chapter 33: A New Era in World History
Global Unity or Continued Division
Nation-States and the United Nations
Complexity and Violence in a Multipolar World
Weapons of Mass Destruction
Global Interdependence
Multinational Corporations
Industrialization and Modernization
Agriculture and the Green Revolution
The Economics and Politics of Globalization
Pressure on Vital Resources and Economic
The Growth of Cities, 1945 to the Present
Overcrowding and Shantytowns
Urban Migrations and the Family
Urbanization and Agriculture
Science and Technology: Changes and Challenges
Population Change: Balancing the Numbers
Social Reform and Progress
Women: The Right to Equality
Children: The Right to Childhood
Education
Individuals in Society: His Holiness the