This casebook provides comprehensive treatment of International Criminal Law in an engaging, challenging, and problem-oriented way. It draws widely from the jurisprudence of the various international and hybrid criminal tribunals (in The Hague, Tanzania, Sierra Leone, East Timor, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Baghdad, and Cambodia), United Nations bodies (such as the Human Rights Committee), regional human rights institutions, domestic courts, alternative or traditional courts (such as the gacaca proceedings in Rwanda), and transitional justice institutions (such as truth commissions or lustration panels). The book emphasizes, and tracks, the vertical and horizontal cross-fertilization of concepts and precedents between these various institutions. The second edition includes substantially more material from the International Criminal Court (ICC)--including revised materials on the crime of aggression and thus marks the start of a institutional shift in international criminal law from the ad hoc tribunals to the permanent ICC. The text retains much of the material from the ad hoc tribunals and post-World War II tribunals, both to provide historical context and in recognition of the strong influence such tribunals continue to exert on contemporary jurisprudence. The chapters on war crimes and torture have also been revised to reflect legal developments in the so-called Global War on Terror.