Introductory Statistics : Student Solutions Manual,9780471373537

Introductory Statistics : Student Solutions Manual

by
Edition: 4th
ISBN13: 9780471373537
ISBN10: 0471373532
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2001-01-01
Publisher(s): Wiley
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Summary

Diagrams are used frequently throughout the book to explain difficult concepts. Clear and concise explanations of statistical methods. Step-by-step solutions to each problem presented in an example.

Table of Contents

Introduction
1(24)
What Is Statistics?
2(1)
Types of Statistics
3(3)
Descriptive Statistics
3(1)
Plastic in Your Pocket
3(1)
Inferential Statistics
4(1)
Public Schools Making Grade?
5(1)
Exercises
6(1)
Population Versus Sample
6(4)
Americans Expect Good, Bad, and Catastrophic
7(2)
Exercises
9(1)
Basic Terms
10(2)
Exercises
11(1)
Types of Variables
12(3)
Quantitative Variables
12(1)
Qualitative or Categorical Variables
13(1)
Exercises
14(1)
Cross-Section Versus Time-Series Data
15(1)
Cross-Section Data
15(1)
Time-Series Data
15(1)
Sources of Data
16(1)
Exercises
17(1)
Summation Notation
17(8)
Exercises
19(6)
Glossary
Supplementary Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Project
Computer Assignments
Organizing Data
25(44)
Raw Data
26(1)
Organizing and Graphing Qualitative Data
26(8)
Frequency Distributions
26(2)
Relative Frequency and Percentage Distributions
28(1)
Graphical Presentation of Qualitative Data
29(1)
Job Stress Can Be Satisfying
30(2)
Why Eat Out?
32(1)
Exercises
32(2)
Organizing and Graphing Quantitative Data
34(11)
Frequency Distributions
34(2)
Constructing Frequency Distribution Tables
36(3)
Relative Frequency and Percentage Distributions
39(1)
Graphing Group Data
40(1)
Boomers Go Fish
41(2)
More on Classes and Frequency Distributions
43(2)
Shapes of Histograms
45(7)
Using Truncated Axes
47(1)
Exercises
47(5)
Cumulative Frequency Distributions
52(3)
Exercises
54(1)
Stem-and-Leaf Displays
55(14)
Exercises
58(11)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Numerical Descriptive Measures
69(58)
Measures of Central Tendency for Ungrouped Data
70(12)
Mean
70(3)
Earnings by Degree
73(1)
Median
74(1)
Cars, Trucks Older than Ever
75(1)
Mode
76(2)
Relationships Among the Mean, Median, and Mode
78(1)
Exercises
79(3)
Measures of Dispersion for Ungrouped Data
82(9)
Range
83(1)
Variance and Standard Deviation
84(4)
Population Parameters and Sample Statistics
88(1)
Exercises
88(3)
Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation for Grouped Data
91(7)
Mean for Grouped Data
91(2)
Variance and Standard Deviation for Grouped Data
93(3)
Exercises
96(2)
Use of Standard Deviation
98(6)
Chebyshev's Theorem
98(2)
Empirical Rule
100(1)
Here Comes the SD
101(1)
Exercises
102(2)
Measures of Position
104(5)
Quartiles and Interquartile Range
104(2)
Percentiles and Percentile Rank
106(2)
Exercises
108(1)
Box-and-Whisker Plot
109(18)
Exercises
111(16)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Appendix 3.1
Self-Review Test
Mini-Project
Computer Assignments
Probability
127(57)
Experiment, Outcomes, and Sample Space
128(5)
Simple and Compound Events
130(2)
Exercises
132(1)
Calculating Probability
133(8)
Three Conceptual Approaches to Probability
134(5)
Exercises
139(2)
Counting Rule
141(1)
Marginal and Conditional Probabilities
142(4)
Stress Busters
145(1)
Mutually Exclusive Events
146(1)
Independent versus Dependent Events
147(2)
Complementary Events
149(5)
Exercises
151(3)
Intersection of Events and the Multiplication Rule
154(11)
Intersection of Events
154(1)
Multiplication Rule
155(6)
Baseball Players Have ``Slumps'' and ``Streaks''
161(1)
Exercises
162(3)
Union of Events and the Addition Rule
165(19)
Union of Events
165(1)
Addition Rule
166(5)
Exercises
171(13)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Discrete Random Variables and their Probability Distributions
184(56)
Random Variables
185(2)
Discrete Random Variable
185(1)
Continuous Random Variable
186(1)
Exercises
187(1)
Probability Distribution of a Discrete Random Variable
187(7)
Exercises
192(2)
Mean of a Discrete Random Variable
194(4)
Aces High Instant Lottery
196(2)
Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random Variable
198(4)
Exercises
201(1)
Factorials and Combinations
202(7)
Factorials
203(1)
Combinations
204(2)
Playing Lotto
206(1)
Using the Table of Combinations
207(1)
Exercises
208(1)
The Binomial Probability Distribution
209(13)
The Binomial Experiment
209(1)
The Binomial Probability Distribution and Binomial Formula
210(5)
Using the Table of Binomial Probabilities
215(3)
Probability of Success and the Shape of the Binomial Distribution
218(1)
Mean and Standard Deviation of the Binomial Distribution
219(1)
Exercises
219(3)
The Poisson Probability Distribution
222(18)
Ask Mr. Statistics
226(1)
Using the Table of Poisson Probabilities
227(1)
Mean and Standard Deviation of the Poisson Probability Distribution
228(1)
Exercises
229(11)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Continuous Random Variables and the Normal Distribution
240(50)
Continuous Probability Distribution
241(6)
Distribution of Time Taken to Run a Road Race
244(3)
The Normal Distribution
247(2)
The Standard Normal Distribution
249(8)
Exercises
256(1)
Standardizing a Normal Distribution
257(7)
Exercises
263(1)
Applications of the Normal Distribution
264(6)
Exercises
268(2)
Determining the z and x Values When an Area Under the Normal Distribution Curve Is Known
270(5)
Exercises
273(2)
The Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution
275(15)
Exercises
280(10)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Sampling Distributions
290(43)
Population and Sampling Distributions
291(3)
Population Distribution
291(1)
Sampling Distribution
292(2)
Sampling and Nonsampling Errors
294(3)
Exercises
296(1)
Mean and Standard Deviation of x
297(4)
Exercises
300(1)
Shape of the Sampling Distribution of x
301(7)
Sampling from a Normally Distributed Population
302(2)
Sampling from a Population That is Not Normally Distributed
304(3)
Exercises
307(1)
Applications of the Sampling Distribution of x
308(6)
Exercises
312(2)
Population and Sample Proportions
314(1)
Mean, Standard Deviation, and Shape of the Sampling Distribution of p
315(7)
Sampling Distribution of p
315(2)
Mean and Standard Deviation of p
317(1)
Shape of the Sampling Distribution of p
318(1)
Clinton Poll Numbers Are Not Pulled from a Hat
319(1)
Exercises
320(2)
Applications of the Sampling Distribution of p
322(11)
Exercises
324(9)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Estimation of the Mean and Proportion
333(43)
Estimation: An Introduction
334(1)
Point and Interval Estimates
335(2)
A Point Estimate
335(1)
An Interval Estimate
336(1)
Interval Estimation of a Population Mean: Large Samples
337(10)
Cost of Running a Household
342(1)
Exercises
343(4)
Interval Estimation of a Population Mean: Small Samples
347(9)
The t Distribution
348(2)
Confidence Interval for μ Using the t Distribution
350(2)
Cardiac Demands of Heavy Snow Shoveling
352(1)
Exercises
353(3)
Interval Estimation of a Population Proportion: Large Samples
356(5)
Exercises
358(3)
Determining the Sample Size for the Estimation of Mean
361(2)
Exercises
362(1)
Determining the Sample Size for the Estimation of Proportion
363(13)
Exercises
365(11)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Hypothesis Tests About the Mean and Proportion
376(53)
Hypothesis Tests: An Introduction
377(9)
Two Hypotheses
377(1)
Rejection and Nonrejection Regions
378(1)
Two Types of Errors
379(2)
Tails of a Test
381(4)
Exercises
385(1)
Hypothesis Tests About a Population Mean: Large Samples
386(9)
Exercises
391(4)
Hypothesis Tests Using the p-value Approach
395(5)
Exercises
398(2)
Hypothesis Tests About a Population Mean: Small Samples
400(8)
Exercises
405(3)
Hypothesis Tests About a Population Proportion: Large Samples
408(21)
Older Workers Most Content
413(2)
Exercises
415(14)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Estimation and Hypothesis Testing: Two Populations
429(58)
Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means for Large and Independent Samples
430(10)
Independent Versus Dependent Samples
430(1)
Mean, Standard Deviation, and Sampling Distribution of x1 - x2
431(1)
Interval Estimation of μ1 - μ2
432(2)
Hypothesis Testing About μ1 - μ2
434(3)
Exercises
437(3)
Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means for Small and Independent Samples: Equal Standard Deviations
440(9)
Interval Estimation of μ1 - μ2
441(2)
Hypothesis Testing About μ1 - μ2
443(3)
Exercises
446(3)
Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means for Small and Independent Samples: Unequal Standard Deviations
449(6)
Interval Estimation of μ1 - μ2
450(1)
Hypothesis Testing About μ1 - μ2
451(2)
Exercises
453(2)
Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means for Paired Samples
455(10)
Interval Estimation of μd
457(2)
Hypothesis Testing About μd
459(4)
Exercises
463(2)
Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Proportions for Large and Independent Samples
465(22)
Mean, Standard Deviation, and Sampling Distribution of p1 - p2
465(1)
Interval Estimation of p1 - p2
466(1)
Hypothesis About p1 - p2
467(4)
Worried About Paying the Bills
471(2)
Exercises
473(14)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Chi-Square Tests
487(43)
The Chi-Square Distribution
488(2)
Exercises
490(1)
A Goodness-of-Fit Test
490(10)
Office Order
496(2)
Exercises
498(2)
Contingency Tables
500(1)
A Test of Independence or Homogeneity
501(12)
A Test of Independence
501(6)
A Test of Homogeneity
507(3)
Exercises
510(3)
Inferences About the Population Variance
513(17)
Estimation of the Population Variance
514(2)
Hypothesis Tests About the Population Variance
516(3)
Exercises
519(11)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Analysis of Variance
530(24)
The F Distribution
531(2)
Exercises
532(1)
One-Way Analysis of Variance
533(21)
Calculating the Value of the Test Statistic
535(3)
One-Way Anova Test
538(4)
Exercises
542(12)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Simple Linear Regression
554(64)
Simple Linear Regression Model
555(2)
Simple Regression
555(1)
Linear Regression
555(2)
Simple Linear Regression Analysis
557(16)
Scatter Diagram
559(1)
Least Squares Line
560(3)
Interpretation of a and b
563(2)
Regression of Heights and Weights of NBA Players
565(1)
Assumptions of the Regression Model
566(2)
A Note on the Use of Simple Linear Regression
568(1)
Exercises
568(5)
Standard Deviation of Random Errors
573(2)
Coefficient of Determination
575(5)
Exercises
578(2)
Inferences About B
580(6)
Sampling Distribution of b
580(1)
Estimation of B
581(1)
Hypothesis Testing About B
582(1)
Exercises
583(3)
Linear Correlation
586(7)
Linear Correlation Coefficient
586(2)
Hypothesis Testing About the Linear Correlation Coefficient
588(2)
Exercises
590(3)
Regression Analysis: A Complete Example
593(7)
Exercises
598(2)
Using the Regression Model
600(4)
Using the Regression Model for Estimating the Mean Value of y
600(2)
Using the Regression Model for Predicting a Particular Value of y
602(2)
Cautions in Using Regression
604(14)
Exercises
605(13)
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Nonparametric Methods
618
The Sign Test
619(16)
Tests About Categorical Data
619(5)
Tests About the Median of a Single Population
624(3)
Tests About the Median Difference Between Paired Data
627(4)
Exercises
631(4)
The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test for Two Dependent Samples
635(7)
Exercises
640(2)
The Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test for Two Independent Samples
642(7)
Exercises
647(2)
The Kruskal-Wallis Test
649(5)
Exercises
652(2)
The Spearman Rho Rank Correlation Coefficient Test
654(5)
Exercises
657(2)
The Runs Test for Randomness
659
Exercises
663
Glossary
Key Formulas
Supplementary Exercises
Advanced Exercises
Self-Review Test
Mini-Projects
Computer Assignments
Appendix A SAMPLE SURVEYS, SAMPLING TECHNIQUES, AND DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS A0
Available for download on the Web site at www.wiley.com/college/mann, and printed in the Student Solutions Manual and the Instructor Solutions Manual.
A.1 Sources of Data
1. Internal Sources
2. External Sources
3. Surveys and Experiments
I. Surveys
Case Study A-1 Is It a Simple Question?
II. Experiments
A.2 Sample Surveys and Sampling Techniques
A.2.1 Why Sample?
A.2.2 Random and Nonrandom Samples
A.2.3 Sampling and Nonsampling Errors
1. Sampling or Chance Error
2. Nonsampling or Systematic Errors
A.2.4 Random Sampling Techniques
1. Simple Random Sampling
2. Systematic Random Sampling
3. Stratified Random Sampling
4. Cluster Sampling
A.3 Design of Experiments
Case Study A-2 Scientists Probe Mystery of the Placebo Effect
Exercises
Glossary
Computer Assignments
Appendix B USING MINITAB B0
B.1 An Introduction
B1
B.2 Organizing Data
B7
B.3 Numerical Descriptive Measures
B11
B.4 The Binomial and Poisson Probability Distributions
B13
B.5 The Normal Probability Distribution
B18
B.6 Sampling Distributions
B20
B.7 Estimation of the Mean and Proportion
B21
B.8 Hypothesis Tests About the Mean and Proportion
B25
B.9 Estimation and Hypothesis Testing: Two Populations
B30
B.10 Chi-Square Tests
B39
B.11 Analysis of Variance
B42
B.12 Simple Linear Regression
B44
B.13 Nonparametric Methods
B49
B.14 Generating Random Numbers and Selecting a Sample
B57
Appendix C EXCEL ADVENTURES C0
C.1 An Introduction
C1
C.2 Organizing Data
C2
C.3 Numerical Descriptive Measures
C7
C.4 Probability
C9
C.5 Discrete Probability Distributions
C14
C.6 The Normal Distribution
C20
C.7 Sampling from a Population
C22
C.8 Confidence Interval
C25
C.9 Hypothesis Testing
C27
C.10 Inferences on Two Population Means
C29
C.11 Chi-Square Applications
C34
C.12 Analysis of Variance
C40
C.13 Regression Analysis
C43
C.14 The Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient
C49
Appendix D STATISTICAL TABLES D0
I Random Numbers
D1
II Factorials
D5
III Values of (n x) (Combination)
D6
IV Table of Binomial Probabilities
D7
V Values of e-δ
D15
VI Table of Poisson Probabilities
D16
VII Standard Normal Distribution Table
D22
VIII The t Distribution Table
D23
IX Chi-Square Distribution Table
D25
X The F Distribution Table
D26
XI Critical Values of X for the Sign Test
D30
XII Critical Values of T for the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test
D31
XIII Critical Values of T for the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
D32
XIV Critical Values for the Spearman Rho Rank Correlation Coefficient Test
D33
XV Critical Values for a Two-Tailed Runs Test with α = .05
D34
Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Exercises and Self-Review Tests AN1
Answers to Odd-Numbered Graphing Calculator Exercises AN20
Index 11

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