This comprehensive text brings together extensive experience in clinical geriatrics with a strong scientific base in research. The chapters offer both scholarly reviews of fields of knowledge in medical gerontology and firmly practical advice on clinical problems. Major reviews include the biological origins and mechanisms of aging, age-associated changes in immunology and other host defences, injury responses, temperature homeostasis, memory, and the aging eye. Practical issues include the management of foot problems, back pain, and infections in older patients. Further chapters deal with ethical issues, the difficulties of carers, and the design of services. This volume covers traditional concerns of geriatric medicine such as hypothermia and postural hypotension, but also takes a wider perspective on aging with chapters on topics such as the post-menopausal state. It will be an invaluable reference for any physician whose work includes clinical responsibilities for older patients.