A People Apart A Political History of the Jews in Europe 1789-1939,9780199246816

A People Apart A Political History of the Jews in Europe 1789-1939

by
ISBN13: 9780199246816
ISBN10: 0199246815
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2001-10-18
Publisher(s): Oxford University Press
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Summary

In the twentieth century, the world saw both the greatest triumph of Jewish history--the birth of the nation of Israel, and its greatest tragedy--the state-sponsored genocide of the Holocaust. A People Apart is the first study to examine the role played by the Jews themselves, across the whole of Europe, during the century and a half leading up to these momentous events. David Vital explores the Jews' troubled relationship with Europe, documenting the struggles of this 'nation without a territory' to establish a place for itself within an increasingly polarized and nationalist continent. This powerful new analysis represents a watershed in our understanding of the history of the Jews in Europe, and as a result, in the whole history of the continent.

Author Biography


David Vital is former Nahum Goldmann Professor of Diplomacy at Tel Aviv University. He served in the Israeli government for eleven years, holding posts in the Foreign Ministry and the Prime Minister's office. He has taught at UCLA, Dartmouth, and Northwestern. He lives in Israel.

Table of Contents

List of Maps
xiv
List of Tables
xv
A Note On Transliteration And Translation xvi
Abbreviations xvii
Introduction: The Old Dispensation 1(1)
The old regime
1(3)
Two levels of authority, two yokes to bear
4(5)
Social control: the modalities
9(3)
The gevir
12(5)
Self-help and self-governance
17(7)
Consensus and conformism
24(3)
Part I. Integration and Fragmentation 27(252)
Proposals
31(68)
Under the Enlightenment---'useful' Jews and 'useless' Jews
31(6)
In England---incrementalism
37(5)
In France---principles
42(21)
In the Germanies---impenetrable hostility and legal rigour
63(6)
In Poland---deadlock
69(11)
In Russia---despotism for all...
80(9)
...but the Jews as an encumbrance to be dealt with
89(10)
Disjunctions
99(67)
Emancipation: the early responses
99(4)
The fears of the orthodox
103(18)
The enthusiasm of the modernists
121(9)
The cultural inroads
130(6)
The haskalah as a halfway house
136(10)
Modern education---the Russian carrot
146(10)
Military conscription---the Russian lash
156(7)
The irreversibility of fragmentation
163(3)
Questions From Without And Within
166(113)
The Jewish Question posed
166(17)
The Question formulated
183(2)
The Jews re-characterized
185(4)
The Jews re-demonized
189(9)
Calls for treatment
198(7)
The Decembrists (along with other Russians) try their hand
205(6)
Internal politics: the beginnings
211(21)
Triumph at Damascus...
232(12)
... and its limitations
244(4)
Jews in general politics and in society at large: the German model
248(31)
Part II. Aspirations and Equivocations 279(362)
Movement
283(63)
Pogroms
283(8)
Poverty
291(6)
Migration
297(13)
Decline
310(7)
West versus East
317(17)
Eastern European Jewry as the question
334(12)
Auto-Emancipation?
346(130)
Leaderlessness as a condition
346(20)
National self-determination as an idea: Zion as a destination
366(34)
Jews as revolutionaries
400(15)
The Bund
415(22)
Herzl
437(39)
Crystallization
476(165)
Intercession institutionalized
476(11)
1878---triumph in Berlin, failure in Bucharest
487(21)
The limits of intercession
508(1)
Kishinev as a paradigm
509(6)
Impotence, shame, and fury
515(13)
Violence and counter-violence
528(7)
The blood-libel and the rule of law
535(5)
Bernard Lazare and the Affair
540(26)
Russia in 1905---Jews as targets, Jews as participants
566(27)
The Zionists stand still
593(23)
The orthodox circle their wagons
616(25)
Part III. New Dispensations 641(256)
War
647(56)
The Jewish contingents
647(4)
The Jewish increment
651(13)
The 'Palestine Idea'
664(11)
A neutral Zionism, belligerent Zionists
675(12)
The 'Palestine Idea' revived
687(5)
Self-determination
692(11)
Peace
703(52)
Bolshevik Russia and the binding of its Jews
703(12)
The great slaughter
715(13)
Who speaks for the Jews?
728(11)
At the Peace Conference
739(16)
Captivity
755(82)
Wilson's world
755(6)
The nation-state as grindstone
761(13)
Ancient frictions in the new Poland
774(24)
Polish equivocation: Jewish ambivalence
798(2)
Germany takes the lead
800(4)
Machtergreifung
804(5)
Towards extrusion
809(14)
The Jews of Germany crushed
823(6)
A community destroyed
829(8)
Denouement
837(60)
On the eve
837(4)
Once again: who will lead them, where will they be led?
841(8)
A World Jewish Congress
849(7)
Loyalties and principles
856(11)
The purposes of Zionism, the needs of the Jews
867(8)
Pragmatism and honour
875(6)
The final rejection
881(9)
Into the night
890(7)
Epilogue 897(2)
Bibliography 899(19)
Glossary 918(3)
Index 921

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