Practical Methodology of Forensic Photography

by ; ; ;
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 1992-09-01
Publisher(s): CRC Pr I Llc
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Summary

Written by an experienced professional who consults regularly on cases throughout North America, The Practical Methodology of Forensic Photography expertly combines the latest methods of photographic documentation with a practical step-by-step presentation. Redsicker discusses the "how to" of basic photography (including techniques and equipment), shows the essentials of videography, and offers the fundamentals of aerial, underwater, and surveillance photography as related to court evidence. The Practical Methodology of Forensic Photography covers all aspects of photographic documentation, from the proven techniques involving still-cameras, film, and lighting to the latest advances in video, thermography, proton induced X-Ray emission, and computer imaging. Unlike other forensic photography books, this book focuses on the proper photographic preparation of evidence and documentation for expert testimony. In addition to over 250 photographic illustrations, The Practical Methodology of Forensic Photography includes an extensive glossary of terms crucial in the preparation of legal reports. This valuable addition to the Practical Aspects of Criminal and Forensic Investigations Series will be greatly beneficial to a broad base of professionals working in law enforcement, fire service, medicine, law, engineering, and insurance.

Table of Contents

Principles of Photography
What is Photography?p. 1
Camerap. 1
Lensp. 2
Shutterp. 2
Depth of Fieldp. 3
Filmp. 12
Summaryp. 13
Suggested Readingp. 13
Still Photography for Fire/Crime Scenes
Why Take Photos?p. 15
Comparison of Equipmentp. 16
Press Camerasp. 18
Snapshot, 110 Format Camerasp. 19
Snapshot, 35 mm Format Camerasp. 19
Twin Lens Reflex, 35 mmp. 19
Single-Lens Reflex, 35 mmp. 20
Instant Printp. 20
Recommended Equipment Featuresp. 20
Fully Automatic, Semiautomatic, or Manual Operationp. 20
Camera Bodyp. 21
Electronic Flashp. 21
Sensor Cordp. 23
Remote Auxiliary Flashp. 23
Macro, Wide Angle, Normal, and Telephoto Lensp. 24
Cable Releasep. 24
Automatic Winder/Motor Drivep. 24
Tripodp. 25
Equipment Casep. 26
Protective Filterp. 26
Chargersp. 26
Film and Electronic Flash Batteriesp. 26
Black-and-White or Color Filmp. 27
Print or Slide Filmp. 27
Instant Print or Slide Filmp. 28
Fast or Slow Filmp. 28
Electronic Flash Batteries/Power Systemsp. 28
Trainingp. 30
Safetyp. 30
Equipment-Related Safety for Photographerp. 31
Personal Safetyp. 31
Equipment Precautions and Protectionp. 32
Camera, Flash and Associated Equipmentp. 32
Filmp. 33
Batteriesp. 33
Public Relationsp. 34
Standard Operating Photo Procedurep. 37
Generalp. 37
Required Photosp. 38
Photo Recordsp. 42
Structure Total-Burn Photographyp. 42
Photographic Scroungingp. 44
On-Scene Arson/Crime Indicatorsp. 49
Two Types of Photographersp. 50
Possible Crime Indicatorsp. 50
Scene Lightingp. 52
Painting with Lightp. 52
Photography Tipsp. 66
Post-Photographing Proceduresp. 71
Camera, Lens and Flashp. 71
Film and Batteriesp. 72
Photo Record Reportp. 72
Summaryp. 73
Suggested Readingp. 73
Videography for Fire/Crime Scenes
Why Video?p. 75
Comparison of Equipment Categoriesp. 77
Recommended Featuresp. 78
Accessories and Ancillary Equipmentp. 84
Tapes and Batteriesp. 85
Trainingp. 86
Safetyp. 87
Equipment-Related Safety for the Operatorp. 87
Operator-Related Safetyp. 87
Equipment Precautions and Protectionp. 89
Electronic Equipmentp. 89
Video Cassettesp. 89
Battery Packsp. 90
Public Relationsp. 91
Two Types of Video-Tapingp. 92
Nonevidential Tapep. 92
Evidential Tapep. 92
Playing It Safep. 93
Taping Tipsp. 93
Objectivep. 93
General Shooting Tipsp. 93
Time and Date Indicationp. 95
Focusingp. 95
Depth of Fieldp. 96
Panningp. 96
Zoomingp. 96
Fade-In/Fade-Outp. 97
Close-Up/Macrop. 97
Lightingp. 97
Backlightp. 98
Filtersp. 98
Sneaky Tacticsp. 98
Embarrassing Situationsp. 99
Shooting Sequencep. 99
Reusing Tapesp. 99
Post-Recording Proceduresp. 100
Identificationp. 100
Review of Recorded Materialp. 100
Erasure Preventionp. 101
Label Recorded Tapep. 101
Battery/Tape Removalp. 101
Maintenance and Suppliesp. 101
High-Speed Videop. 102
Courtroom Videop. 102
Summaryp. 103
Suggested Readingp. 103
Motor Vehicle Accident Scene
Sources of Accident Scene Photographsp. 105
Legal Constraintsp. 106
Additional Circumstances Frequently Encounteredp. 107
Equipmentp. 110
Photographic Documentation of the Scenep. 111
Documenting the Vehiclesp. 115
Documenting Post-Accident Artifactsp. 125
Comparison Photographyp. 127
Problem Situationsp. 129
Photographic Documentation of Night Visibilityp. 130
Variables to Considerp. 130
Procedure, Equipment, and Viewingp. 131
Photographic Mappingp. 134
Summaryp. 135
Suggested Readingp. 135
Aerial and Underwater Photography
Aerial Photographyp. 137
Equipmentp. 138
Choosing the Aircraftp. 141
Safety and Choosing and Aircraft Charter Servicep. 142
Weather and Atmospheric Conditionsp. 147
Aircraft Positioningp. 149
Shutter Speeds and F-Stopsp. 149
Shadows and Time of Dayp. 149
Hiring Aerial Photographic Servicesp. 150
Summaryp. 150
Underwater Photographyp. 151
Prerequisites for Underwater Photographyp. 151
Categories of Underwater Photographyp. 152
Equipmentp. 153
Positioning of Artificial Light Sourcep. 159
Calculating Flash Exposurep. 159
Accessoriesp. 160
Focusing Underwaterp. 160
Underwater Visibilityp. 161
Cold Weather Underwater Photographyp. 161
Summaryp. 164
Suggested Readingp. 164
Surveillance Photography
Cameras and Accessories for Surveillance Photographyp. 168
Filmsp. 170
Photographic Techniques for Various Types of Surveilliancep. 172
Moving Surveillance on Footp. 172
Two-Person Foot Surveillancep. 175
Moving Surveillance with Vehiclesp. 176
Fixed Surveillancep. 179
What's New?p. 179
Suggested Readingp. 180
Photographic Aspect of Physical Injuries and Fatalities
Some Factors to Considerp. 183
Lightingp. 183
Filmp. 185
General Methodologyp. 189
Accidental Injuriesp. 190
Assaultp. 191
Autopsyp. 191
Child Abuse/Neglectp. 193
Homicidep. 195
Suicidep. 197
Suggested Readingp. 198
Evidence Documentation
Image Magnificationp. 199
Infrared and Ultraviolet Illuminationp. 200
Non-Destructive Evaluation in Forensic Investigationsp. 201
Metallurgy as an Aid in Forensic Investigationsp. 205
Thermographic Imagingp. 209
Industrial Preventative Maintenance Inspections: Why Inspect?p. 211
Equipment and Design Evaluationp. 212
Basic Radiometrics Pertaining to Infrared Imaging Radiometersp. 213
Measurementp. 217
Recognitionp. 219
Radiometric Characteristics of a Surfacep. 222
Artifactual Evidencep. 223
Bloodstainsp. 223
Fingerprintsp. 232
Imprintsp. 233
Microevidencep. 233
High-Speed Photographyp. 236
Lightingp. 237
Methods of Activationp. 240
Summaryp. 240
Suggested Readingp. 242
Legal Aspects of Visual Evidence
Historical Foundationp. 243
Points of Objectionp. 244
Presentation Strategyp. 249
Summaryp. 250
Suggested Readingp. 251
Digital Photography
Digital Photography Basicsp. 253
What Makes up Digital Imagingp. 255
Resolutionp. 255
Digital Camerasp. 258
Monitorsp. 258
Printers and Scannersp. 258
Special Notesp. 258
Summaryp. 259
Suggested Readingp. 259
Glossaryp. 261
Indexp. 281
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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