
Practical Methodology of Forensic Photography
by Redsicker, David R.; Gordner, Gurden; James, Stuart H.; Laws, Anthony C.-
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Summary
Table of Contents
Principles of Photography | |
What is Photography? | p. 1 |
Camera | p. 1 |
Lens | p. 2 |
Shutter | p. 2 |
Depth of Field | p. 3 |
Film | p. 12 |
Summary | p. 13 |
Suggested Reading | p. 13 |
Still Photography for Fire/Crime Scenes | |
Why Take Photos? | p. 15 |
Comparison of Equipment | p. 16 |
Press Cameras | p. 18 |
Snapshot, 110 Format Cameras | p. 19 |
Snapshot, 35 mm Format Cameras | p. 19 |
Twin Lens Reflex, 35 mm | p. 19 |
Single-Lens Reflex, 35 mm | p. 20 |
Instant Print | p. 20 |
Recommended Equipment Features | p. 20 |
Fully Automatic, Semiautomatic, or Manual Operation | p. 20 |
Camera Body | p. 21 |
Electronic Flash | p. 21 |
Sensor Cord | p. 23 |
Remote Auxiliary Flash | p. 23 |
Macro, Wide Angle, Normal, and Telephoto Lens | p. 24 |
Cable Release | p. 24 |
Automatic Winder/Motor Drive | p. 24 |
Tripod | p. 25 |
Equipment Case | p. 26 |
Protective Filter | p. 26 |
Chargers | p. 26 |
Film and Electronic Flash Batteries | p. 26 |
Black-and-White or Color Film | p. 27 |
Print or Slide Film | p. 27 |
Instant Print or Slide Film | p. 28 |
Fast or Slow Film | p. 28 |
Electronic Flash Batteries/Power Systems | p. 28 |
Training | p. 30 |
Safety | p. 30 |
Equipment-Related Safety for Photographer | p. 31 |
Personal Safety | p. 31 |
Equipment Precautions and Protection | p. 32 |
Camera, Flash and Associated Equipment | p. 32 |
Film | p. 33 |
Batteries | p. 33 |
Public Relations | p. 34 |
Standard Operating Photo Procedure | p. 37 |
General | p. 37 |
Required Photos | p. 38 |
Photo Records | p. 42 |
Structure Total-Burn Photography | p. 42 |
Photographic Scrounging | p. 44 |
On-Scene Arson/Crime Indicators | p. 49 |
Two Types of Photographers | p. 50 |
Possible Crime Indicators | p. 50 |
Scene Lighting | p. 52 |
Painting with Light | p. 52 |
Photography Tips | p. 66 |
Post-Photographing Procedures | p. 71 |
Camera, Lens and Flash | p. 71 |
Film and Batteries | p. 72 |
Photo Record Report | p. 72 |
Summary | p. 73 |
Suggested Reading | p. 73 |
Videography for Fire/Crime Scenes | |
Why Video? | p. 75 |
Comparison of Equipment Categories | p. 77 |
Recommended Features | p. 78 |
Accessories and Ancillary Equipment | p. 84 |
Tapes and Batteries | p. 85 |
Training | p. 86 |
Safety | p. 87 |
Equipment-Related Safety for the Operator | p. 87 |
Operator-Related Safety | p. 87 |
Equipment Precautions and Protection | p. 89 |
Electronic Equipment | p. 89 |
Video Cassettes | p. 89 |
Battery Packs | p. 90 |
Public Relations | p. 91 |
Two Types of Video-Taping | p. 92 |
Nonevidential Tape | p. 92 |
Evidential Tape | p. 92 |
Playing It Safe | p. 93 |
Taping Tips | p. 93 |
Objective | p. 93 |
General Shooting Tips | p. 93 |
Time and Date Indication | p. 95 |
Focusing | p. 95 |
Depth of Field | p. 96 |
Panning | p. 96 |
Zooming | p. 96 |
Fade-In/Fade-Out | p. 97 |
Close-Up/Macro | p. 97 |
Lighting | p. 97 |
Backlight | p. 98 |
Filters | p. 98 |
Sneaky Tactics | p. 98 |
Embarrassing Situations | p. 99 |
Shooting Sequence | p. 99 |
Reusing Tapes | p. 99 |
Post-Recording Procedures | p. 100 |
Identification | p. 100 |
Review of Recorded Material | p. 100 |
Erasure Prevention | p. 101 |
Label Recorded Tape | p. 101 |
Battery/Tape Removal | p. 101 |
Maintenance and Supplies | p. 101 |
High-Speed Video | p. 102 |
Courtroom Video | p. 102 |
Summary | p. 103 |
Suggested Reading | p. 103 |
Motor Vehicle Accident Scene | |
Sources of Accident Scene Photographs | p. 105 |
Legal Constraints | p. 106 |
Additional Circumstances Frequently Encountered | p. 107 |
Equipment | p. 110 |
Photographic Documentation of the Scene | p. 111 |
Documenting the Vehicles | p. 115 |
Documenting Post-Accident Artifacts | p. 125 |
Comparison Photography | p. 127 |
Problem Situations | p. 129 |
Photographic Documentation of Night Visibility | p. 130 |
Variables to Consider | p. 130 |
Procedure, Equipment, and Viewing | p. 131 |
Photographic Mapping | p. 134 |
Summary | p. 135 |
Suggested Reading | p. 135 |
Aerial and Underwater Photography | |
Aerial Photography | p. 137 |
Equipment | p. 138 |
Choosing the Aircraft | p. 141 |
Safety and Choosing and Aircraft Charter Service | p. 142 |
Weather and Atmospheric Conditions | p. 147 |
Aircraft Positioning | p. 149 |
Shutter Speeds and F-Stops | p. 149 |
Shadows and Time of Day | p. 149 |
Hiring Aerial Photographic Services | p. 150 |
Summary | p. 150 |
Underwater Photography | p. 151 |
Prerequisites for Underwater Photography | p. 151 |
Categories of Underwater Photography | p. 152 |
Equipment | p. 153 |
Positioning of Artificial Light Source | p. 159 |
Calculating Flash Exposure | p. 159 |
Accessories | p. 160 |
Focusing Underwater | p. 160 |
Underwater Visibility | p. 161 |
Cold Weather Underwater Photography | p. 161 |
Summary | p. 164 |
Suggested Reading | p. 164 |
Surveillance Photography | |
Cameras and Accessories for Surveillance Photography | p. 168 |
Films | p. 170 |
Photographic Techniques for Various Types of Surveilliance | p. 172 |
Moving Surveillance on Foot | p. 172 |
Two-Person Foot Surveillance | p. 175 |
Moving Surveillance with Vehicles | p. 176 |
Fixed Surveillance | p. 179 |
What's New? | p. 179 |
Suggested Reading | p. 180 |
Photographic Aspect of Physical Injuries and Fatalities | |
Some Factors to Consider | p. 183 |
Lighting | p. 183 |
Film | p. 185 |
General Methodology | p. 189 |
Accidental Injuries | p. 190 |
Assault | p. 191 |
Autopsy | p. 191 |
Child Abuse/Neglect | p. 193 |
Homicide | p. 195 |
Suicide | p. 197 |
Suggested Reading | p. 198 |
Evidence Documentation | |
Image Magnification | p. 199 |
Infrared and Ultraviolet Illumination | p. 200 |
Non-Destructive Evaluation in Forensic Investigations | p. 201 |
Metallurgy as an Aid in Forensic Investigations | p. 205 |
Thermographic Imaging | p. 209 |
Industrial Preventative Maintenance Inspections: Why Inspect? | p. 211 |
Equipment and Design Evaluation | p. 212 |
Basic Radiometrics Pertaining to Infrared Imaging Radiometers | p. 213 |
Measurement | p. 217 |
Recognition | p. 219 |
Radiometric Characteristics of a Surface | p. 222 |
Artifactual Evidence | p. 223 |
Bloodstains | p. 223 |
Fingerprints | p. 232 |
Imprints | p. 233 |
Microevidence | p. 233 |
High-Speed Photography | p. 236 |
Lighting | p. 237 |
Methods of Activation | p. 240 |
Summary | p. 240 |
Suggested Reading | p. 242 |
Legal Aspects of Visual Evidence | |
Historical Foundation | p. 243 |
Points of Objection | p. 244 |
Presentation Strategy | p. 249 |
Summary | p. 250 |
Suggested Reading | p. 251 |
Digital Photography | |
Digital Photography Basics | p. 253 |
What Makes up Digital Imaging | p. 255 |
Resolution | p. 255 |
Digital Cameras | p. 258 |
Monitors | p. 258 |
Printers and Scanners | p. 258 |
Special Notes | p. 258 |
Summary | p. 259 |
Suggested Reading | p. 259 |
Glossary | p. 261 |
Index | p. 281 |
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
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