Pulmonary Infection in the Immunocompromised Patient: Strategies for Management,9780470714188

Pulmonary Infection in the Immunocompromised Patient: Strategies for Management

by ;
ISBN13: 9780470714188
ISBN10: 0470714182
Format: eBook
Pub. Date: 2009-07-01
Publisher(s): Wiley
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Summary

The immuno-compromised patient is more susceptible to a broader range of infections than others, and infections of the respiratory tract are among the first and most common to be encountered.In this book the authors review current options for management for a group of patients that present unique challenges to the clinician, and for whom the choices of effective therapy are often limited. Most up to date book available dedicated specifically to this topic Major management issue in respiratory medicine for critical care, transplant and cancer patients Reviews important new advances in therapeutics, including drug resistance

Table of Contents

Foreword
List of Contributors
Preface
Lung Immune Defences in the Immunosuppressed Patient
Introduction
Host defence function in health
Host defence function in select immunocompromised patients
Summary and future directions for this field
Microbiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Infections in the Immunocompromised
Introduction
HIV infection and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
HIV infection and Non Tuberculous Mycobacteria
HIV and Pneumocystis jirovecii
Infections in transplant patients or other immunodeficiencies
Concluding remarks
Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients
Introduction
Clinical assessment
Blood cultures
Sputum
Endotracheal aspirate
Non bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage
Protected brush sample (PBS)
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
Transbronchial biopsy (TBB)
Surgical lung biopsy (SLB)
Sample processing
Clinical approach to pulmonary infiltrates in immunosuppressed patient
Conclusion
Pulmonary Imaging in Immunocompromised Patients
Pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients
Respiratory infections
Interventional procedures in patients with pneumonia
Summary
Pulmonary Infections in HIV Patients in the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Era
Introduction
Epidemology and etiology
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Conclusions
Neutropenia
Introduction
Management of the neutropenic patient
Specific infectious diseases
General Management of Suspected Pneumonia in the Solid Organ Transplant Paitent
Introduction
Epidemiology
Differential diagnosis and non-infectious complications
Diagnostic approach
Conclusion
Respiratory Infections Following Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Immune system recovery after HSCT
Bacterial pneumonia
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Cytomegalovirus
Community respiratory viruses
Non-infectious pulmonary complications
Conclusion
Chronic Non-infectious Pulmonary Complications in Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Introduction
Bronchiolitis Obliterans (BO)
Bronchiolitis Obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP)
Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS)
Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH)
Peri-engraftment respiratory distress syndrome (PERDS)
Delayed pulmonary toxicity syndrome (DPTS)
Pulmonary cytolytic thrombi (PCT)
Other non-infectious pulmonary complications
Summary
Pulmonary Infections in Patients on Chronic Glucocorticoid Treatment
Introduction
Associated inflammatory response in pneumonia
Glucocorticoids: mechanisms of action
Glucocorticoid therapy in clinical practice
Diagnostic approach
Empirical treatment of suspected pneumonia in patients receiving chronic GC therapy
Prognosis
Conclusions
Intensive Care Management in the Immunocompromised Patient with Pulmonary Infiltrates
Introduction
Invasive ventilation
Rationale for NIV
Mechanisms of improvement with NIV in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure
Clinical studies
Equipment and techniques: particularities in immunocompromised patients
Predictive factors of NIV outcome
Conclusions
Current Strategies and Future Directions in Antibacterial Treatment
Introduction
Farmacokinetics and farmacodynamics
Antibacterial treatment options
Resistance
HIV related bacterial pulmonary infections
Length of treatment
Conclusions
Current Strategies in the Treatment of Fungal Infections in the Intensive Care Unit Setting
Introduction
Antifungal therapies
The endemic fungi in the critical care unit
Other yeast infections in the critical care unit
Invasive mould infections in the critical care unit
Summary
Current Strategies and Future Directions in Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Pneumonitis
Effects of CMV infection in immunocompromised patients
Pathophysiology of CMV pneumonitis
Risk factors for CMV pneumonitis
Pulmonary manifestations of CMV infection
Indirect respiratory effects of CMV infection
Diagnosis of CMV pneumonitis
Antiviral agents against CMV
Treatment of CMV pneumonia
Prevention of CMV pneumonia
Antiviral Agents against Respiratory Viruses
M2 inhibitors
Neuraminidase inhibitors
Cidofovir
Ribavirin
Investigational agents
Index
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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