Range Management : Principles and Practices

by
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1988-11-01
Publisher(s): Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference
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Table of Contents

Forewordp. xiii
Prefacep. xv
Conversion from a Metric Unit to the English Equivalentp. xvii
Rangeland and Manp. 1
Rangeland Definedp. 1
Range Management Definedp. 5
Relationship of Range Management to Other Disciplinesp. 6
The Importance of Rangelands to Humansp. 8
Desertificationp. 16
Changes in the Amount of Rangelandp. 17
Range Management Principlesp. 19
Literature Citedp. 19
Range Management Historyp. 21
The Origin of Range Sciencep. 21
Chrological History of Livestock Grazingp. 22
Government Land Policiesp. 32
Development of Range Management in Other Countriesp. 38
Range Management Principlesp. 39
Literature Citedp. 39
Rangeland Physical Characteristicsp. 42
Precipitationp. 42
Windp. 49
Temperaturep. 49
Frost-free Periodp. 50
Humidityp. 50
Climate Typesp. 50
Topographyp. 54
Soilsp. 56
Influence of Rangeland Physical Characteristics upon Range Animalsp. 64
Range Management Principlesp. 65
Literature Citedp. 67
Description of Rangeland Typesp. 69
Types of Rangelandp. 69
Rangelands of the United Statesp. 77
Range Management Principlesp. 109
Literature Citedp. 109
Range Plant Physiologyp. 114
Basic Conceptsp. 114
Carbohydrate Reservesp. 120
Water Relationsp. 123
Plant Morphologyp. 124
Reproductionp. 126
Resistance to Grazingp. 126
Grazing Optimization Theoriesp. 131
Range Management Principlesp. 133
Literature Citedp. 133
Range Ecologyp. 136
Ecology Definedp. 136
Rangeland Ecosystem Components and Functionsp. 136
Importance of Rangeland Ecosystem Servicesp. 144
Succession and Climaxp. 145
Droughtp. 164
Competitionp. 166
Plant Succession and Range Management: A Conclusionp. 168
Range Management Principlesp. 168
Literature Citedp. 169
Range Inventory and Monitoringp. 175
Vegetational Mappingp. 175
Determination of Vegetational Attributesp. 178
Grazing Surveysp. 181
Determining Grazing Intensityp. 182
Range Conditionp. 184
Determining Trendp. 191
Range Management Principlesp. 197
Literature Citedp. 199
Considerations Concerning Stocking Ratep. 203
Importance of Correct Stocking Ratep. 203
Influence of Stocking Rate on Forage Productionp. 205
Flexible Versus Fixed Stocking Ratesp. 220
Grazing Intensity Considerationsp. 222
Adjustment for Distance from Waterp. 226
Adjustment for Slopep. 226
Forage Demand by Grazing Animalsp. 227
Calculation of Stocking Ratep. 228
Key-Plant and Key-Area Principlesp. 233
Forage Allocation to More than One Animal Speciesp. 237
Conclusionp. 239
Range Management Principlesp. 239
Literature Citedp. 240
Selection of Grazing Methodsp. 247
Definition of Grazing System Termsp. 247
Considerations in Grazing System Selectionp. 249
Grazing Systems for Riparian Zonesp. 277
Grazing Systems for Developing Countriesp. 280
Economic Advantages of Specialized Grazing Systemsp. 283
Range Management Principlesp. 284
Literature Citedp. 285
Methods of Improving Livestock Distributionp. 291
Factors Causing Poor Distributionp. 291
Better Livestock Distribution Methodsp. 298
Range Management Principlesp. 307
Literature Citedp. 307
Range Animal Nutritionp. 310
Nutritional Components of Grazing Animal Foodsp. 310
Methods for Determining the Nutritional Value of Grazing Animal Dietsp. 313
Diet and Nutritional Quality of Livestock on Different Rangesp. 313
Forage Intake of Grazing Animalsp. 315
Comparative Nutritive Value of Plant Partsp. 315
Seasonal Effects on Forage Nutritional Qualityp. 318
Comparative Nutritive Value of Range Foragesp. 319
Comparative Nutrition of Grazing Animalsp. 327
How Grazing Animals Cope with Periods of Low Forage Qualityp. 337
Energy Expenditure by Grazing Animalsp. 338
Supplementing Range Livestockp. 338
Range Livestock Nutritional Guidelinesp. 339
Range Management Principlesp. 346
Literature Citedp. 347
Range Management for Multiple Usep. 356
Herbage Residue and Multiple-Use Conceptsp. 356
Rangeland Hydrologyp. 357
Grazing Impacts on Watershedsp. 364
Manipulation of Water Yieldp. 374
Timber Production and Grazingp. 376
Management Systems for Trees, Livestock, and Wildlifep. 380
Recreational Use of Rangelandsp. 384
Range Management Principlesp. 395
Literature Citedp. 395
Range Livestock Productionp. 402
Economics of Range Livestock Productionp. 402
Management of Reproductive Efficiencyp. 414
Animal Selectionp. 419
Common-Use Grazingp. 422
Livestock Management During Droughtp. 424
Poisonous Plant Problemsp. 431
Range Management Principlesp. 435
Literature Citedp. 436
Range Wildlife Managementp. 440
Trends in Rangeland Wildlife Populationsp. 440
Basic Concepts Concerning Wildlife Habitatp. 442
Grazing Effects on Rangeland Wildlifep. 442
Grazing Methods for Wildlife Enhancementp. 449
Provision of Forage to Big Gamep. 455
Impacts of Brush Control on Wildlifep. 459
Game Ranchingp. 461
Wild Horses and Burrosp. 467
Small Mammalsp. 468
Insectsp. 471
Predatorsp. 474
Threatened and Endangered Wildlifep. 478
Range Management Principlesp. 478
Literature Citedp. 479
Manipulation of Range Vegetationp. 489
Rangeland Problems in the Western United Statesp. 490
Control of Unwanted Plantsp. 494
Economic Considerationsp. 512
Considerations in Seedingp. 516
Fertilizationp. 523
Forage Conservationp. 527
Range Management Principlesp. 527
Literature Citedp. 528
Range Management in Developing Countriesp. 533
Challenges to African Pastoralismp. 534
Problems Relating to Livestock Numbersp. 534
Land Tenure and Communal Grazingp. 538
Problems Relating to Dry-Season Grazingp. 540
Droughtp. 543
Development of Livestock Waterp. 545
Range Burningp. 545
Range Problems in Latin Americap. 546
Agricultural Versus Industrial Developmentp. 551
Range Management Principlesp. 552
Literature Citedp. 552
Planning, Technology, and the Futurep. 556
Range Management Planningp. 557
Technology and Computersp. 562
System Analysisp. 563
Virtual Realityp. 567
Economic Analysisp. 567
Computers and the Futurep. 568
Range Management Principlesp. 573
Literature Citedp. 573
Indexp. 577
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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