Sexual Offenses and Offenders : Theory, Practice and Policy
by Terry, KarenEdition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2012-06-14
Publisher(s): Cengage Learning
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Summary
This comprehensive book examines the unique characteristics of sexual offenses and the resulting laws that pertain specifically to them, including the causes and treatment of sexual offenses as well as the policy implications of research outcomes. Sexual offenders are often treated differently than other offenders (by both the community and the criminal justice system) as a result of public scorn and recidivism. This distinctive book provides you with thorough, research-based coverage of this inherently controversial subject.
Table of Contents
| Preface | p. xiii |
| Understanding Sexual Offending: Incidence, Prevalence, and Causes | p. 1 |
| Sexual Offenses and Offenders | p. 3 |
| What Is a Sexual Offense? | p. 4 |
| Prevalence of Sexual Offending and Victimization | p. 7 |
| Official Data on Sexual Victimization | p. 10 |
| Research Estimates | p. 16 |
| Reporting Sexual Abuse | p. 18 |
| Telescoping | p. 21 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 22 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 23 |
| Historical Perspectives on Sexual Behavior | p. 24 |
| Historical, Religious, and Cultural Perspectives of Sexual Behavior | p. 24 |
| Changing Perceptions of Deviant Sexual Behavior: The 20th Century | p. 27 |
| 1885-1935: The First Wave of Panic | p. 28 |
| 1936-1976: The Rise of the Sexual Psychopath | p. 32 |
| 1976-Present: The Emergence of a Sexually Violent Predator | p. 39 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 42 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 42 |
| Etiology of Sexually Deviant Behavior | p. 44 |
| Paraphilias and Other Sexual Disorders | p. 45 |
| Noncontact and Minimal Contact Paraphilias | p. 46 |
| High-Contact Paraphilias | p. 48 |
| Psychodynamic Theories | p. 54 |
| Biological Theories | p. 55 |
| Feminist Theories | p. 57 |
| Attachment Theories | p. 58 |
| Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Theories | p. 60 |
| Psychosocial Theories | p. 61 |
| Routine Activities Theory | p. 63 |
| Integrated Theories and Empirical Research | p. 64 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 69 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 69 |
| Cycle of Sexual Offending | p. 71 |
| The Offense Cycle | p. 71 |
| Grooming and Planning | p. 73 |
| Persistence of Offending Behavior | p. 77 |
| Cognitive Distortions | p. 77 |
| Victim Empathy | p. 83 |
| The Role of Fantasies | p. 85 |
| Behavioral Triggers | p. 87 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 89 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 89 |
| Offender Typologies, Special Groups of Offenders, and Victims | p. 91 |
| Types and Typologies of Sexual Offenders | p. 93 |
| Specialization and Generalization of Offending Behavior | p. 94 |
| Typologies of Rapists | p. 96 |
| Sexually Motivated Offenses | p. 98 |
| Nonsexually Motivated Offenses | p. 99 |
| Typologies of Child Sexual Abusers | p. 101 |
| Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Abusers | p. 102 |
| The Fixated-Regressed Typologies | p. 105 |
| The FBI Typologies | p. 108 |
| The MTC: CM3 Typologies | p. 109 |
| Other Typologies | p. 111 |
| Typologies of Female Sex Offenders | p. 111 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 116 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 117 |
| Juvenile Offenders | p. 118 |
| Who Are Juvenile Sexual Offenders? | p. 119 |
| Prevalence, Recidivism, and Characteristics | p. 119 |
| History of Abuse | p. 122 |
| Female Juvenile Sex Offenders | p. 123 |
| Juvenile Sex Offenders and Non-Sex Offenders: A Comparison | p. 124 |
| Why Juveniles Sexually Offend | p. 126 |
| Experimental or Criminal Behavior? | p. 126 |
| Theories and Antecedents of Offending Behavior | p. 127 |
| Typologies of Juvenile Sex Offenders | p. 129 |
| Assessment and Treatment of Juvenile Offenders | p. 131 |
| The Assessment Process | p. 132 |
| The Treatment Process | p. 134 |
| Management of Juvenile Offenders | p. 134 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 136 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 137 |
| Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children | p. 139 |
| Sexual Offenders and the Internet | p. 140 |
| Accessing Child Pornography | p. 140 |
| Scope of the Problem | p. 143 |
| Characteristics and Typologies of Cyber Sex Offenders | p. 144 |
| Victims of Child Pornography | p. 145 |
| Crossover between Child Pornography and Child Sexual Abuse | p. 147 |
| Regulating and Policing Child Pornography | p. 148 |
| Sexting and Self-Produced Pornography | p. 152 |
| Juvenile Prostitution | p. 154 |
| Human Trafficking | p. 157 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 159 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 160 |
| Sexual Offending in Institutional Settings | p. 161 |
| Sexual Abuse within Child and Adolescent-Oriented Institutions | p. 162 |
| Schools | p. 162 |
| Child Care Settings | p. 162 |
| Boy Scouts of America | p. 163 |
| Big Brothers Big Sisters | p. 164 |
| Athletic Organizations | p. 165 |
| Professional and Legal Remedies | p. 167 |
| Sexual Abuse in Religious Institutions | p. 167 |
| Child Sexual Abuse within Non-Catholic Religious Organizations | p. 168 |
| Sexual Abuse within the Catholic Church | p. 172 |
| Sexual Abuse within Prisons | p. 177 |
| Prevalence and Reporting | p. 178 |
| Effects of Victimization | p. 179 |
| Characteristics of Sexual Assaulters and Victims in Prison | p. 180 |
| Prison Rape Elimination Act | p. 181 |
| Preventing Sexual Assault in Prison | p. 182 |
| Sexual Abuse within the Military | p. 183 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 184 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 184 |
| Victims | p. 186 |
| Overview of Research on Sexual Victimization | p. 187 |
| Effects of Victimization | p. 190 |
| Physical Harm | p. 191 |
| Psychological Reactions | p. 192 |
| Rape Trauma Syndrome and the Stages of Victimization | p. 195 |
| Secondary Victims | p. 196 |
| Responding to Reports of Sexual Abuse: The Medical and Criminal Justice Processes | p. 197 |
| The Hospital | p. 198 |
| The Police | p. 200 |
| The Adversarial Process | p. 202 |
| Victim Treatment and Counseling | p. 209 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 212 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 212 |
| Responses to Sexual Offenders: Treatment, Punishment and Community Regulations | p. 213 |
| Management and Supervision of Sex Offenders in the Community | p. 215 |
| Overview of Sex Offender Laws | p. 216 |
| Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act (1994) | p. 216 |
| Megan's Law (1996) | p. 217 |
| Pam Lychner Sex Offender Tracking and Identification Act (1996) | p. 218 |
| Protection of Children from Sexual Predators Act (1998) | p. 218 |
| Campus Sex Crimes Prevention Act (2000) | p. 218 |
| Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to End the Exploitation of Children Today (PROTECT) Act (2003) | p. 219 |
| Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act (2006) | p. 219 |
| Registration and Community Notification Laws | p. 220 |
| RCNL Regulations and Guidelines | p. 220 |
| Legal Challenges to RCNL | p. 223 |
| Risk Assessment | p. 227 |
| The Adam Walsh Act: Uniformity and Controversy | p. 230 |
| Efficacy of RCNL | p. 232 |
| Residence Restrictions | p. 235 |
| GPS Monitoring | p. 237 |
| The Containment Approach: Collaborating for Effective Management | p. 239 |
| Reentry and Reintegration | p. 242 |
| Housing | p. 242 |
| Employment and School | p. 243 |
| Recreation and Social Relationships | p. 244 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 245 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 246 |
| Assessment and Treatment of Sexual Offenders | p. 247 |
| History of Treatment | p. 248 |
| "Nothing Works" | p. 250 |
| Professionalization of Treatment | p. 251 |
| Assessment for Treatment | p. 252 |
| Background Information | p. 252 |
| Physiological Testing | p. 253 |
| Psychometric and Actuarial Testing | p. 253 |
| Types of Treatments | p. 254 |
| Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment | p. 254 |
| Medical Treatment | p. 260 |
| Community versus Prison Treatment | p. 262 |
| Variables and Controversies with Treatment | p. 265 |
| Ethics of Sex Offender Treatment | p. 265 |
| Treatment Staff | p. 267 |
| Assessment for Treatment Participation: Exclusion Criteria | p. 268 |
| Measuring Treatment Effectiveness | p. 269 |
| Methodological Considerations | p. 270 |
| Study Findings | p. 272 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 274 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 274 |
| Incapacitating Sex Offenders | p. 276 |
| SVP Legislation | p. 277 |
| Definition of an SVP | p. 277 |
| The Commitment Process | p. 278 |
| State Variation in SVP Statutes | p. 279 |
| The Role of Mental Health in SVP Legislation | p. 281 |
| Assessing "Dangerousness" | p. 281 |
| Treatment | p. 283 |
| Release | p. 284 |
| Legal Arguments about SVP Legislation | p. 284 |
| Understanding the Goals and Efficacy of SVP Legislation | p. 289 |
| Chapter Summary | p. 291 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 291 |
| Bibliography | p. 293 |
| Index | p. 351 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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