| Preface to the Second Edition |
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xi | (4) |
| Preface to the First Edition |
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xv | (4) |
| Acknowledgments |
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xix | (2) |
| Explanatory Note and Guide to Pronunciation |
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xxi | (4) |
| Contributors |
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xxv | (2) |
| Chronology |
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xxvii | (7) |
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xxxiv | |
| PART I: THE BRAHMANICAL TRADITION: THE VEDIC PERIOD |
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1 | (40) |
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| Introduction |
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3 | (4) |
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Chapter 1 Cosmic and Ritual Order in Vedic Literature |
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7 | (22) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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A Charm Against Various Evils |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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Ritual Order: Techniques for the Sacred Fires |
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24 | (5) |
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Chapter 2 The Ultimate Reality in the Upanishads |
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29 | (12) |
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30 | (1) |
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Sacrifices--Unsteady Boats on the Ocean of Life |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (3) |
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The Essential Reality Underlying the World |
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36 | (5) |
| PART II: JAINISM AND BUDDHISM (A. L. Basham) |
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41 | (160) |
| Introduction: The Background of Jainism and Buddhism |
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43 | (6) |
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Chapter 3 The Basic Doctrines of Jainism |
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49 | (27) |
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The Origin and Development of Jainism |
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49 | (3) |
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Jain Doctrines and Practices |
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52 | (6) |
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58 | (18) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (2) |
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Kinsfolk Are No Comfort in Old Age |
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61 | (1) |
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All Creation Groans Together in Torment |
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62 | (1) |
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Creatures Great and Small |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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The Hero of Penance and Self-Control |
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66 | (1) |
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Cheerfully Endure All Things |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (2) |
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The Refuge of All Creatures |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (4) |
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Chapter 4 Jain Philosophy and Political Thought |
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76 | (17) |
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78 | (2) |
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80 | (2) |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
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Practical Advice on War and Peace |
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87 | (1) |
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The Miseries and Dangers of Politics |
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88 | (5) |
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Chapter 5 Theravada Buddhism |
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93 | (60) |
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Basic Doctrines of Theravada Buddhism |
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100 | (14) |
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100 | (1) |
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The Nature of Consciousness and the Chain of Causation |
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101 | (2) |
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False Doctrines About the Soul |
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103 | (2) |
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The Simile of the Chariot |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (2) |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (2) |
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The Last Instructions of the Buddha |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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The City of Righteousness |
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113 | (1) |
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The Ethics of Theravada Buddhism |
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114 | (11) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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"Lay Not Up for Yourselves Treasures upon Earth...." |
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117 | (1) |
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The Virtue of Friendliness |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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Buddhism and Everyday Life |
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120 | (5) |
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Society and the State in Theravada Buddhism |
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125 | (28) |
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127 | (1) |
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The Origin of Society and State |
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128 | (5) |
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The Ideal of Government, and the Decay and Growth of Civilization |
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133 | (5) |
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Conditions of the Welfare of Societies |
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138 | (1) |
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Birth Is No Criterion of Worth |
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139 | (2) |
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Ashoka: The Buddhist Emperor |
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141 | (12) |
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Chapter 6 Mahayana Buddhism: "The Greater Vehicle" |
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153 | (35) |
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160 | (1) |
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The Mahayana Ideal is Higher Than That of the Theravada |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (4) |
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Against Self-Mortification |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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The Good Deeds of the Bodhisattva |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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The Three Bodies of the Buddha |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (2) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (2) |
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179 | (1) |
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Perfect Wisdom Personified |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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The Divine Right (and Duty) of Kings |
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182 | (3) |
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185 | (3) |
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Chapter 7 The Vehicle of the Thunderbold and the Decline of Buddhism in India |
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188 | (13) |
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To the Pure All Things Are Pure |
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194 | (2) |
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196 | (5) |
| PART III: THE HINDU WAY OF LIFE |
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201 | (178) |
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| Introduction |
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203 | (6) |
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| The Four Ends of Man |
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209 | (4) |
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Chapter 8 Dharma: The First End of Man |
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213 | (21) |
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217 | (1) |
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The Sources and Extent of Dharma |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (1) |
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Varna-Dharma or Organization of the Four Classes |
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221 | (2) |
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The Origin of Mixed Castes |
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223 | (1) |
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Initiation to Studenthood |
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224 | (2) |
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Marriage and Householder's Duties |
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226 | (2) |
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228 | (1) |
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The Hermit and the Ascetic |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (4) |
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Chapter 9 Artha: The Second End of Man |
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234 | (20) |
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237 | (17) |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (2) |
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242 | (2) |
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The Seven Limbs of the State |
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244 | (3) |
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The Circle of States and Interstate Policy |
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247 | (2) |
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249 | (5) |
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Chapter 10 Kama: The Third End of Man |
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254 | (20) |
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The Science of Love and Pleasure |
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256 | (8) |
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The Man of Taste and Culture |
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256 | (2) |
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The Signs of a Girl in Love |
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258 | (1) |
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When Love Becomes Intense |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (2) |
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Love Song of the Dark Lord |
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261 | (1) |
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Shiva and Kama: Asceticism and Erotic Passion |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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Aesthetics: Theory and Practice |
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264 | (10) |
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Dramatic Theory and the Concept of Rasa |
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266 | (4) |
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268 | (2) |
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270 | (4) |
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Chapter 11 Moksha: The Fourth End of Man |
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274 | (68) |
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The Bhagavad Gita: Action and Devotion |
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276 | (20) |
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280 | (3) |
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283 | (2) |
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The Technique of Karma-Yoga |
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285 | (3) |
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Bhakti-Yoga: The Doctrine of Devotion |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (3) |
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292 | (2) |
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294 | (2) |
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296 | (6) |
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302 | (6) |
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303 | (5) |
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308 | (11) |
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308 | (11) |
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Puranic Theism: The Way of Devotion |
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319 | (13) |
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Devotion to Vishnu as Lord |
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323 | (5) |
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328 | (2) |
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Devotion to Devi, the Goddess |
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330 | (2) |
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332 | (10) |
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Chapter 12 The Songs of Medieval Hindu Devotion |
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342 | (37) |
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345 | (6) |
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346 | (1) |
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346 | (1) |
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346 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (1) |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (18) |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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353 | (1) |
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354 | (1) |
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354 | (5) |
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359 | (1) |
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359 | (6) |
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365 | (4) |
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369 | (2) |
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370 | (1) |
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Nirguna Bhakti and the Sant Tradition |
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371 | (8) |
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373 | (3) |
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376 | (3) |
| PART IV: ISLAM IN MEDIEVAL INDIA |
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379 | (112) |
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| Introduction |
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381 | (2) |
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Chapter 13 The Foundations of Islam in India |
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383 | (25) |
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The Historical Background |
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384 | (4) |
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The Coming of Islam to India |
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388 | (3) |
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Muslim Orthodoxy in India |
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391 | (8) |
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Piety: The Key to Paradise (Adib) |
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391 | (2) |
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Theology: The Perfection of Faith (`Abd ul-Haqq) |
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393 | (4) |
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Propaganda: The Indian Proof (Mihrabi) |
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397 | (2) |
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The Shari'a, or Islamic Code of Conduct |
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399 | (9) |
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The Bases of Jurisprudence (al-Razi) |
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402 | (2) |
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Guidance in the Shari'a (the Hidaya) |
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404 | (4) |
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Chapter 14 The Muslim Ruler in India |
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408 | (39) |
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The Legitimacy of Kingship |
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410 | (6) |
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The Final End of Human Society Is the Worship of God (Barni) |
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410 | (1) |
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Rulers Are Ordained by God (Hamadani) |
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411 | (1) |
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Obedience to the Sultan Is Commanded by God (Fakhr-i-Mudir) |
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412 | (1) |
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Kingship Is Incompatible with Religious Ideals (Barni) |
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413 | (1) |
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The War Between Good and Evil (Barni) |
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414 | (1) |
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Man's Opposing Qualities and Their Political Implications (Barni) |
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415 | (1) |
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Duties and Responsibilities of a Muslim Ruler |
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416 | (14) |
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The Ulama and the Ruler (Fakhr-i-Mudir) |
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416 | (1) |
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The Ruler as Protector of the Faith (Barni) |
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417 | (2) |
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Consultation with Wise Counsellors (Barni) |
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419 | (2) |
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Organizing the Government (Barni) |
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421 | (1) |
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422 | (1) |
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423 | (2) |
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Abu'l Fazl's Theory of Rulership (Abu'l Fazl) |
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425 | (2) |
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The Declaration of Akbar's Status as a Mujtahid (Bada'uni) |
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427 | (1) |
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Against Rulers Misled by Wicked Ulama (Sirhindi) |
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428 | (2) |
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430 | (7) |
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The Four-Class Division of Society (Jalali) |
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431 | (2) |
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Divine Origin of the "Division of Labor" (Barni) |
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433 | (2) |
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Rulers to Preserve the Social Order Willed by God (Barni) |
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435 | (1) |
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The Necessity of Inequality (Baqir Khan) |
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436 | (1) |
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The Muslim Conquest and the Status of Hindus |
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437 | (10) |
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Mahmud of Ghazni (Biruni; Firishta; Abu'l Fazl) |
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437 | (3) |
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The King's Duty to Convert Idolaters (Barni) |
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440 | (2) |
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Are Hindus Zimmis? (Hamadani) |
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442 | (1) |
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Rights of Hindus (Nizam ud-Din Ahmad; Bada'uni; Aurangzab) |
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443 | (4) |
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Chapter 15 Islamic Mysticism in India |
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447 | (44) |
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450 | (4) |
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The Love of God (`Ali Hujwiri) |
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451 | (1) |
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Contemplation (`Ali Hujwiri) |
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452 | (1) |
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Seeking the Path (Sharaf ud-din Yahya) |
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453 | (1) |
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Renunciation (Sharaf ud-din Yahya) |
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453 | (1) |
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The Quest for God the Beloved and the Knowledge of God |
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454 | (3) |
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The Steps of a Disciple (Sharaf ud-din Yahya) |
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455 | (1) |
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The Final Stage (Sharaf ud-din Yahya) |
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456 | (1) |
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The Preservation of God's Transcendence at the Supreme Stage of Mystic Experience |
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457 | (2) |
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Subsistence and Annihilation (`Ali Hujwiri) |
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457 | (1) |
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True Contemplation is Ineffable (`Ali Hujwiri) |
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458 | (1) |
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Sufi Acceptance of Orthodox Formalist Islam |
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459 | (4) |
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Orthodox Practice and Spiritual Experience Both Necessary (`Ali Hujwiri) |
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459 | (1) |
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The Superiority of the Prophets over the Saints (`Ali Hujwiri) |
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460 | (1) |
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The Pious Behavior of All Muslims (Amir Hasan Sijzi) |
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461 | (2) |
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Syncreticism and Orthodoxy under the Mughals |
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463 | (1) |
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Akbar's Religious Outlook |
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464 | (7) |
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The Discussion in the Hall of Worship (Bada'uni; Muhsin-i-Fani) |
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465 | (4) |
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The Divine Faith (Muhsin-i-Fani; Bada'uni) |
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469 | (2) |
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Dara Shikoh and Pantheism |
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471 | (4) |
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The Mystic Path (Dara Shikoh) |
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472 | (1) |
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The Upanishads: God's Most Perfect Revelation (Dara Shikoh) |
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473 | (2) |
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Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi: The Reaction to Pantheistic Mysticism |
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475 | (3) |
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Mystic Union with God Is Only Subjective (Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi) |
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476 | (2) |
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Shah Wali-Ullah: Sufism and the Crisis of Islam in India |
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478 | (5) |
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Ijtihad, or Legal Interpretation (Wali-Ullah) |
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479 | (1) |
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The Unity of Interpretations of Mysticism (Wali-Ullah) |
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480 | (1) |
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The Islamic Community in India (Wali-Ullah) |
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481 | (2) |
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Mystical Poetry and Popular Religion |
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483 | (8) |
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484 | (2) |
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486 | (1) |
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487 | (1) |
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488 | (3) |
| PART V: SIKHISM |
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491 | (20) |
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Chapter 16 Sikhism: Faith and Practice |
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493 | (18) |
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Guru Nanak (1469-1539): Life and Teachings |
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494 | (3) |
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The Later Gurus and the Sikh Community |
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497 | (4) |
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The Adi Granth and Janam Sakhis |
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501 | (7) |
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Mul Mantra: The Basic Statement |
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501 | (1) |
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The Great Question: How Is Truth to Be Found? |
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501 | (1) |
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502 | (1) |
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502 | (1) |
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503 | (2) |
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505 | (1) |
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The Uselessness of Caste, Ceremonies, and all Externals |
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505 | (1) |
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506 | (2) |
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Gobind Singh: The Last Guru |
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508 | (3) |
| Indic Word List |
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511 | (4) |
| Bibliography |
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515 | (10) |
| Index |
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525 | |
Other versions by this Author
