Thomas Erastus and the Palatinate
by Gunnoe, Charles D., Jr.Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2010-10-30
Publisher(s): Brill Academic Pub
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Summary
This study is the first monograph to attempt a synthetic treatment of the career of Thomas Erastus (1524-1583). Erastus was a central player in the conversion of the Electoral Palatinate to Reformed Christianity in the early 1560s and a co-author of the Heidelberg Catechism. In the church discipline controversy of the 1560s and 1570s, Erastus opposed the Calvinist effort to institute a consistory of elders with independent authority over excommunication. Erastus's defeat in this controversy, and the ensuing Antitrinitarian affair, proved the watershed of his career. He turned to the refutation of Paracelsus and a debate with Johann Weyer on the punishment of witches. The epilogue tracks Erastus's later career and the reception of his works into the seventeenth century.
Author Biography
Charles D. Gunnoe, Jr., Ph.D. (1998) in History, University of Virginia, is Provost and Dean of the Faculty at Aquinas College. His publications include Paracelsian Moments: Science, Medicine, and Astrology in Early Modern Europe (2002) co-edited with Gerhild Scholz Williams.
Table of Contents
| Acknowledgements | p. xi |
| Abbreviations | p. xv |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Sources | p. 4 |
| Names | p. 5 |
| Prologue | p. 7 |
| The Palatinate before Erastus | p. 7 |
| Origins and Structure of the Palatinate | p. 7 |
| Ludwig V and Frederick II | p. 14 |
| Ottheinrich | p. 18 |
| Erastus before the Palatinate | p. 20 |
| Origins and Early Education | p. 20 |
| Education in Zurich and Basel | p. 31 |
| Erastus in Italy | p. 36 |
| Henneberg and the Controversy over Astrology | p. 42 |
| The Arrival of the Reformed Faith in the Palatinate | |
| Early Battles: Reformed Protestantism's Arrival in the Palatinate | p. 51 |
| The Confessional Situation in the Holy Roman Empire | p. 53 |
| The Situation at the University of Heidelberg | p. 56 |
| The Heidelberg Lord's Supper Controversy | p. 63 |
| Stephan Sylvius's Promotion | p. 63 |
| Frederick III and the Heshusius/Klebitz Affair | p. 64 |
| The Heidelberg Lord's Supper Disputation (1560) and its Aftermath | p. 70 |
| The Lord's Supper in Theory and Practice | p. 85 |
| The Gründtlicher Bericht | p. 85 |
| Das Büchlein von Brotbrechen | p. 101 |
| The Epiphany: The Heidelberg Catechism | p. 105 |
| The Composition of the Heidelberg Catechism | p. 107 |
| The Heidelberg Catechism's Doctrine of the Lord's Supper | p. 122 |
| Conclusion: Erastus's Role in the Catechism's Creation | p. 128 |
| Church Discipline and the Destruction of the Reformed Consensus in Heidelberg | |
| The Reformed Confession in Storm and Stress | p. 135 |
| Further Consolidation of the Palatine Reformed Church | p. 137 |
| The Palatine Confession under Attack: The Maulbronn Colloquy | p. 139 |
| Iconoclasm in the Palatinate | p. 146 |
| The Diet of Augusburg (1566) and Its Aftermath | p. 148 |
| The International Scene | p. 150 |
| Amberg and Erastus's Alienation from Olevianus | p. 151 |
| Erastus's Dialogue with Jakob Schegk | p. 155 |
| The Dismissal of Johannes Brunner | p. 158 |
| The Heidelberg Church Discipline Controversy | p. 163 |
| Reformed Theories of Church Discipline | p. 164 |
| George Withers and the Outbreak of the Controversy | p. 173 |
| The Explicatio gravissimae quaestionis | p. 177 |
| Strife in Heidelberg and Beyond | p. 192 |
| The Watershed | p. 211 |
| The Ramus Episode | p. 212 |
| The Heidelberg Antitrinitarians | p. 218 |
| Consistorial Discipline Established | p. 223 |
| Rumors | p. 229 |
| Resolution of the Antitrinitarian Affair | p. 234 |
| Lingering Hostilities in the Reformed Community | p. 237 |
| The Pigafetta Inquest | p. 242 |
| The "Excommunication" of Erastus | p. 247 |
| Erastus and Johann Jakob Grynaeus | p. 256 |
| Conclusion | p. 260 |
| New Scholarly Directions After 1570 | |
| Antiparacelsica | p. 263 |
| The Historical Background of Erastus's Opposition to Paracelsus | p. 264 |
| Anti-Paracelsianism before Erastus | p. 270 |
| Johannes Oporinus | p. 270 |
| Konrad Gessner | p. 273 |
| Johann Weyer | p. 277 |
| Erastus's Decision to Refute Paracelsus | p. 279 |
| Disputations on the New Medicine of Philip Paracelsus | p. 286 |
| Erastus's Reconstruction of the Historical Paracelsus | p. 292 |
| Images of Paracelsus in De medicina nova | p. 292 |
| Johannes Crato von Krafftheim: Paracelsus in Moravia and Vienna | p. 294 |
| Heinrich Bullinger: Paracelsus in Zurich | p. 297 |
| George Vetter: A Companion of Paracelsus | p. 298 |
| Markus Recklau: Paracelsus in Upper Bavaria | p. 300 |
| Brief Accounts | p. 302 |
| Erastus's Paracelsian Library | p. 306 |
| Erastus's Rejection of Paracelsus's Religio-Philosophical Worldview | p. 309 |
| Creation | p. 310 |
| Adam's Flesh and the Resurrection of the Body | p. 315 |
| Erastus's Rejection of Chemical Pharmacology: De auro potabili | p. 322 |
| Medicine as an Empirical Pursuit | p. 322 |
| Medicine and Nutrition | p. 324 |
| Metallic Therapy | p. 325 |
| The Impact of Erastus's Anti-Paracelsian Writings | p. 327 |
| Conclusion | p. 333 |
| Concerning Witches: Erastus's Debate with Johann Weyer | p. 339 |
| Background | p. 339 |
| Unmasking the Controversy | p. 344 |
| Erastus's Conception of Magic and Witchcraft | p. 352 |
| The Powers of Darkness | p. 358 |
| The Punishment of Witches | p. 364 |
| Conclusion | p. 370 |
| Epilogue and Conclusion | p. 375 |
| The Lutheran Restoration of Ludwig VI (r. 1576-1583) | p. 375 |
| Erastus's Last Years in Basel 1580-1583 | p. 380 |
| Erastian Legacies | p. 385 |
| Presbyterianism Triumphant | p. 387 |
| Giacomo Castelvetro and the Explicatio gravissimae quaestionis | p. 388 |
| The Netherlands: Erastians, Libertines, and Arminians | p. 394 |
| The Reception of Erastus in England | p. 396 |
| Transformation of Erastianism | p. 406 |
| Conclusion | p. 410 |
| Faculty Rosters from the University of Heidelberg | p. 419 |
| Excerpts from Erastus's Correspondence concerning Paracelsus | p. 423 |
| Correspondence Register | p. 439 |
| Bibliography | p. 465 |
| Index | p. 505 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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