
Twentieth-century Space And Astronomy: A History of Notable Research And Discovery
by Bortz, Alfred B.-
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Summary
Table of Contents
Preface | p. xi |
Acknowledgments | p. xv |
Introduction | p. xvii |
1901-1910: Development of a New Astronomy | p. 1 |
Milestones | p. 2 |
The Canals of Mars | p. 3 |
The Equation for Space | p. 9 |
The Rocket Equation | p. 10 |
A New Astronomy | p. 11 |
Impacts and Omens | p. 15 |
Scientist of the Decade: Percival Lowell (1855-1916) | p. 16 |
Further Reading | p. 18 |
1911-1920: Giant Stars and General Relativity | p. 20 |
Milestones | p. 20 |
The Size of Stars | p. 23 |
The Structure of Stars | p. 28 |
Changing View of the Universe | p. 31 |
Cosmology | p. 35 |
Scientist of the Decade: Henry Norris Russell (1877-1957) | p. 38 |
Further Reading | p. 41 |
1921-1930: The Expanding Universe | p. 43 |
Milestones | p. 44 |
Nebulae Become Galaxies | p. 44 |
The Hydrogen Question | p. 51 |
The Matter of Stars | p. 54 |
Planet X | p. 56 |
Rockets around the World | p. 58 |
Tsiolkovsky's Plan of Space Exploration | p. 60 |
Scientist of the Decade: Edwin Powell Hubble (1889-1953) | p. 64 |
Further Reading | p. 66 |
1931-1940: Understanding What Makes Stars Shine and Rockets Fly | p. 68 |
Milestones | p. 68 |
New "Eyes" on the Universe | p. 70 |
From Giants to Black Holes | p. 73 |
How Stars Shine | p. 74 |
The Development of Modern Rockets | p. 78 |
Flash Gordon and War of the Worlds | p. 78 |
Scientist of the Decade: Robert Hutchings Goddard (1882-1945) | p. 84 |
Further Reading | p. 87 |
1941-1950: From War to Space | p. 89 |
Milestones | p. 90 |
The Pathway to Space Begins with Weapons | p. 90 |
Postwar Rocket Development | p. 96 |
Postwar Russian Rocket Development | p. 97 |
The First Science Rockets | p. 99 |
Wartime Astronomy | p. 100 |
Synthesis of the Elements | p. 102 |
Astronomical Peace Dividend | p. 105 |
Scientist of the Decade: Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (1912-1977) | p. 106 |
Radio and Solar System Discoveries | p. 108 |
Further Reading | p. 109 |
1951-1960: The Dawn of the Space Age | p. 111 |
Milestones | p. 112 |
The Mystery of Radio Stars | p. 112 |
The Elements of Life | p. 116 |
Origin of the Solar System | p. 118 |
Preparation for Manned Space Programs | p. 120 |
New Improved Rockets | p. 121 |
Satellites for Politics and Science | p. 123 |
Flying to the Moon | p. 128 |
Project Mercury | p. 129 |
Scientist of the Decade: Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (1907-1966) | p. 132 |
Mercury Facts | p. 134 |
Further Reading | p. 134 |
1961-1970: Putting Humans on the Moon | p. 136 |
Milestones | p. 136 |
The First People in Space | p. 139 |
A Rendezvous with the Moon | p. 142 |
Voskhod and Gemini | p. 146 |
Probes and Satellites | p. 148 |
Tragedy in 1967 | p. 150 |
Resumption of the Race | p. 152 |
The Race Is Won | p. 153 |
The Waning Moon | p. 155 |
X-ray and Neutrino Astronomy | p. 157 |
Quasars and Pulsars | p. 158 |
Abundant Support for the Big Bang Theory | p. 161 |
Scientist of the Decade: Robert Rowe Gilruth (1913-2000) | p. 162 |
Further Reading | p. 164 |
1971-1980: From the Moon to Jupiter | p. 167 |
Milestones | p. 168 |
Roving around the Moon | p. 168 |
The First Space Stations | p. 171 |
From Apollo-Soyuz to Shuttles | p. 174 |
Long-Duration Spaceflight | p. 175 |
Deserted Mars | p. 178 |
Picturing Venus | p. 180 |
Exploring the Giants | p. 181 |
Observing Space | p. 184 |
Scientist of the Decade: Carl Edward Sagan (1934-1996) | p. 186 |
Further Reading | p. 188 |
1981-1990: Laboratories in Space | p. 190 |
Space Transportation System | p. 191 |
Milestones | p. 192 |
Shuttle Flight Numbering System | p. 197 |
Challenger's Last Flight | p. 197 |
Return to Flight | p. 199 |
Russian Space-From Salyut to Mir | p. 200 |
The Moon, Venus, Mars, and Comets | p. 203 |
Voyage to Uranus and Neptune | p. 205 |
State of the Universe | p. 207 |
Scientist of the Decade: Vera Cooper Rubin (1928- ) | p. 210 |
Further Reading | p. 213 |
1991-2000: Space Telescopes and Stations | p. 215 |
Milestones | p. 216 |
Research and Records | p. 216 |
New Life in Moon/Mars Research | p. 221 |
Lunar Burial of Eugene Shoemaker | p. 221 |
No Little Green Men | p. 222 |
Asteroids, Comets, and Extrasolar Planets | p. 224 |
Space Observatories | p. 228 |
International Space | p. 231 |
Scientist of the Decade: Geoffrey Marcy (1954- ) | p. 236 |
Further Reading | p. 239 |
Conclusion | p. 241 |
New Worlds | p. 245 |
Further Reading | p. 248 |
Bruce Medalists | p. 249 |
Glossary | p. 262 |
Further Resources | p. 265 |
Index | p. 267 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
Excerpts
Space and Astronomy: Decade by Decade reveals how the astronomers unravel the mysteries of how the Sun shines, how stars collapse into black holes, and how the universe expands. It is the story of dreamers who designed rockets to bring back knowledge of other worlds and other galaxies. This volume of the Twentieth-Century Science set describes the progress of astronomy and the development of spaceflight from 1901 to 2000.
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