Understanding FACTS Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems,9780780334557

Understanding FACTS Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems

by ;
Edition: 1st
ISBN13: 9780780334557
ISBN10: 0780334558
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 1999-12-24
Publisher(s): Wiley-IEEE Press
  • Free Shipping Icon

    This Item Qualifies for Free Shipping!*

    *Excludes marketplace orders.

List Price: $247.45

Buy New

Arriving Soon. Will ship when available.
$235.67
Add to Cart

Rent Textbook

Select for Price
Add to Cart
There was a problem. Please try again later.

Used Textbook

We're Sorry
Sold Out

eTextbook

We're Sorry
Not Available

Buy from our Marketplace starting at $98.90

How Marketplace Works:

  • This item is offered by an independent seller and not shipped from our warehouse
  • Item details like edition and cover design may differ from our description; see seller's comments before ordering.
  • Sellers much confirm and ship within two business days; otherwise, the order will be cancelled and refunded.
  • Marketplace purchases cannot be returned to eCampus.com. Contact the seller directly for inquiries; if no response within two days, contact customer service.
  • Additional shipping costs apply to Marketplace purchases. Review shipping costs at checkout.

Summary

"The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) -- a new technology based on power electronics -- offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of AC transmission systems. Pioneers in FACTS and leading world experts in power electronics applications Narain G. Hingorani and Laszlo Gyugyi have teamed together to bring you the definitive book on FACTS technology. Hingorani and Gyugyi present a practical approach to FACTS that will enable electrical engineers working in the power industry to understand the principles underlying this advanced system. UNDERSTANDING FACTS will also enhance expertise in equipment specifications and engineering design, offering an informed view of the future of power electronics in AC transmission systems. This comprehensive reference book provides an in-depth look at:Power semiconductor devicesVoltage-sourced and current-sourced convertersSpecific FACTS controllers including SVC, STATCOM, TCSC, SSSC, UPFC, IPFC plus voltage regulators, phase shifters, and special controllers with a detailed comparison of their performance attributesMajor FACTS applications used in the United States. UNDERSTANDING FACTS is an authoritative resource that is essential reading for electrical engineers who want to stay on the cusp of the power electronics revolution." Sponsored by: IEEE Power Engineering Society.

Author Biography

About the Authors...Narain G. Hingorani is credited with originating the concepts of FACTS and Custom Power. He is a retired vice president of Electrical Systems at EPRI and provides consulting services that help utilities plan and purchase power electronics technology. Dr. Hingorani has published widely on HVDC and ac transmission and is coauthor of High Voltage Direct Current Power Transmission (Garaway Ltd., 1960). Dr. Hingorani is the recipient of the 1985 Uno Lamm Medal of the IEEE Power Engineering Society for outstanding contributions to High Voltage Direct Current Technology and the 1995 IEEE Lamme Medal for leadership and pioneering contributions to the transmission and distribution of electric power. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and in 1988 he was elected to the National Academy of Engineering.

Table of Contents

Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
FACTS Concept and General System Considerations
1(36)
Transmission Interconnections
1(2)
Why We Need Transmission Interconnections
1(1)
Opportunities for FACTS
2(1)
Flow of Power in an AC System
3(4)
Power Flow in Parallel Paths
4(1)
Power Flow in Meshed System
4(3)
What Limits the Loading Capability?
7(2)
Power Flow and Dynamic Stability Considerations of a Transmission Interconnection
9(3)
Relative Importance of Controllable Parameters
12(1)
Basic Types of FACTS Controllers
13(3)
Relative Importance of Different Types of Controllers
14(2)
Brief Description and Definitions of FACTS Controllers
16(9)
Shunt Connected Controllers
18(2)
Series Connected Controllers
20(3)
Combined Shunt and Series Connected Controllers
23(1)
Other Controllers
24(1)
Checklist of Possible Benefits from FACTS Technology
25(1)
In Perspective: HVDC or FACTS
26(11)
Power Semiconductor Devices
37(30)
Perspective on Power Devices
37(4)
Types of High-Power Devices
40(1)
Principal High-Power Device Characteristics and Requirements
41(4)
Voltage and Current Ratings
41(1)
Losses and Speed of Switching
42(2)
Parameter Trade-Off of Devices
44(1)
Power Device Material
45(1)
Diode (Pn Junction)
46(2)
Transistor
48(4)
MOSFET
51(1)
Thyristor (without Turn-Off Capability)
52(2)
Gate Turn-Off Thyristor (GTO)
54(4)
Turn-On and Turn-Off Process
56(2)
MOS Turn-Off Thyristor (MTO)
58(2)
Emitter Turn-Off Thyristor
60(1)
Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor (GCT and IGCT)
61(2)
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)
63(1)
MOS-Controlled Thyristor (MCT)
64(3)
Voltage-Sourced Converters
67(36)
Basic Concept of Voltage-Sourced Converters
67(2)
Single-Phase Full-Wave Bridge Converter Operation
69(3)
Single Phase-Leg Operation
72(1)
Square-Wave Voltage Harmonics for a Single-Phase Bridge
73(1)
Three-Phase Full-Wave Bridge Converter
74(6)
Converter Operation
74(3)
Fundamental and Harmonics for a Three-Phase Bridge Converter
77(3)
Sequence of Valve Conduction Process in Each Phase-Leg
80(3)
Transformer Connections for 12-Pulse Operation
83(2)
24- and 48-Pulse Operation
85(2)
Three-Level Voltage-Sourced Converter
87(4)
Operation of Three-Level Converter
87(1)
Fundamental and Harmonic Voltages for a Three-Level Converter
88(3)
Three-Level Converter with Parallel Legs
91(1)
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Converter
91(4)
Generalized Technique of Harmonic Elimination and Voltage Control
95(2)
Converter Rating---General Comments
97(6)
Self- and Line-Commutated Current-Sourced Converters
103(32)
Basic Concept of Current-Sourced Converters
103(3)
Three-Phase Full-Wave Diode Rectifier
106(4)
Thyristor-Based Converter (With Gate Turn-On but Without Gate Turn-Off)
110(19)
Rectifier Operation
110(3)
Inverter Operation
113(3)
Valve Voltage
116(2)
Commutation Failures
118(2)
AC Current Harmonics
120(6)
DC Voltage Harmonics
126(3)
Current-Sourced Converter with Turn-Off Devices (Current Stiff Converter)
129(3)
Current-Sourced Versus Voltage-Sourced Converters
132(3)
Static Shunt Compensators: SVC and STATCOM
135(74)
Objectives of Shunt Compensation
135(9)
Midpoint Voltage Regulation for Line Segmentation
135(3)
End of Line Voltage Support to Prevent Voltage Instability
138(1)
Improvement of Transient Stability
138(4)
Power Oscillation Damping
142(1)
Summary of Compensator Requirements
143(1)
Methods of Controllable Var Generation
144(35)
Variable Impedance Type Static Var Generators
145(19)
Switching Converter Type Var Generators
164(13)
Hybrid Var Generators: Switching Converter with TSC and TCR
177(1)
Summary of Static Var Generators
178(1)
Static Var Compensators: SVC and STATCOM
179(18)
The Regulation Slope
183(1)
Transfer Function and Dynamic Performance
184(4)
Transient Stability Enhancement and Power Oscillation Damping
188(5)
Var Reserve (Operating Point) Control
193(2)
Summary of Compensator Control
195(2)
Comparison Between STATCOM and SVC
197(8)
V-I and V-Q Characteristics
197(2)
Transient Stability
199(2)
Response Time
201(1)
Capability to Exchange Real Power
201(1)
Operation With Unbalanced AC System
202(2)
Loss Versus Var Output Characteristic
204(1)
Physical Size and Installation
204(1)
Merits of Hybrid Compensator
205(1)
Static Var Systems
205(4)
Static Series Compensators: GCSC, TSSC, TCSC, and SSSC
209(58)
Objectives of Series Compensation
209(7)
Concept of Series Capactive Compensation
210(1)
Voltage Stability
211(1)
Improvement of Transient Stability
212(1)
Power Oscillation Damping
213(1)
Subsynchronous Oscillation Damping
214(1)
Summary of Functional Requirements
215(1)
Approaches to Controlled Series Compensation
216(1)
Variable Impedance Type Series Compensators
216(27)
GTO Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (GCSC)
216(7)
Thyristor-Switched Series Capacitor (TSSC)
223(2)
Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC)
225(11)
Subsynchronous Characteristics
236(3)
Basic Operating Control Schemes for GCSC, TSSC, and TCSC
239(4)
Switching Converter Type Series Compensators
243(16)
The Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC)
244(1)
Transmitted Power Versus Transmission Angle Characteristic
245(3)
Control Range and VA Rating
248(2)
Capability to Provide Real Power Compensation
250(4)
Immunity to Subsynchronous Resonance
254(3)
Internal Control
257(2)
External (System) Control for Series Reactive Compensators
259(2)
Summary of Characteristics and Features
261(6)
Static Voltage and Phase Angle Regulators: TCVR and TCPAR
267(30)
Objectives of Voltage and Phase Angle Regulators
267(10)
Voltage and Phase Angle Regulation
269(1)
Power Flow Control by Phase Angle Regulators
270(2)
Real and Reactive Loop Power Flow Control
272(2)
Improvement of Transient Stability with Phase Angle Regulators
274(2)
Power Oscillation Damping with Phase Angle Regulators
276(1)
Summary of Functional Requirements
277(1)
Approaches to Thyristor-Controlled Voltage and Phase Angle Regulators (TCVRs and TCPARs)
277(13)
Continuously Controllable Thyristor Tap Changers
280(6)
Thyristor Tap Changer with Discrete Level Control
286(3)
Thyristor Tap Changer Valve Rating Considerations
289(1)
Switching Converter-Based Voltage and Phase Angle Regulators
290(3)
Hybrid Phase Angle Regulators
293(4)
Combined Compensators: Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) and Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC)
297(56)
Introduction
297(2)
The Unified Power Flow Controller
299(34)
Basic Operating Principles
300(1)
Conventional Transmission Control Capabilities
301(4)
Independent Real and Reactive Power Flow Control
305(3)
Comparison of UPFC to Series Compensators and Phase Angle Regulators
308(7)
Control Structure
315(4)
Basic Control System for P and Q Control
319(3)
Dynamic Performance
322(7)
Hybrid Arrangements: UPFC with a Phase Shifting Transformer
329(4)
The Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC)
333(15)
Basic Operating Principles and Characteristics
334(9)
Control Structure
343(1)
Computer Simulation
344(2)
Practical and Application Considerations
346(2)
Generalized and Multifunctional FACTS Controllers
348(5)
Special Purpose Facts Controllers: NGH-SSR Damping Scheme and Thyristor-Controlled Braking Resistor
353(20)
Subsynchronous Resonance
353(5)
NGH-SSR Damping Scheme
358(4)
Basic Concept
358(3)
Design and Operation Aspects
361(1)
Thyristor-Controlled Braking Resistor (TCBR)
362(11)
Basic Concept
362(2)
Design and Operation Aspects
364(9)
Application Examples
373(52)
WAPA's Kayenta Advanced Series Capacitor (ASC)
373(9)
Introduction and Planning Aspects
373(3)
Functional Specification
376(1)
Design and Operational Aspects
377(3)
Results of the Project
380(2)
BPA's Slatt Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC)
382(12)
Introduction and Planning Aspects
382(2)
Functional Specifications
384(3)
Design and Operational Aspects
387(5)
Results of the Project
392(2)
TVA's Sullivan Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM)
394(13)
Introduction and Planning Aspects
394(2)
STATCOM Design Summary
396(4)
Steady-State Performance
400(1)
Dynamic Performance
401(6)
Results of the Project
407(1)
AEP's Inez Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC)
407(18)
Introduction and Planning Aspects
407(4)
Description of the UPFC
411(3)
Operating Performance
414(9)
Results of the Project
423(2)
Index 425(6)
About the Authors 431

An electronic version of this book is available through VitalSource.

This book is viewable on PC, Mac, iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, and most smartphones.

By purchasing, you will be able to view this book online, as well as download it, for the chosen number of days.

Digital License

You are licensing a digital product for a set duration. Durations are set forth in the product description, with "Lifetime" typically meaning five (5) years of online access and permanent download to a supported device. All licenses are non-transferable.

More details can be found here.

A downloadable version of this book is available through the eCampus Reader or compatible Adobe readers.

Applications are available on iOS, Android, PC, Mac, and Windows Mobile platforms.

Please view the compatibility matrix prior to purchase.