UNIX for the Mainframer The Essential Reference for Commands, Conversions, TCP/IP

by
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1997-08-14
Publisher(s): Prentice Hall
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Summary

If you know mainframes, this book will help you extend your expertise to UNIX environments.This book is a quick, complete reference guide - and a powerful tutorial - for any mainframe professional who wants to understand UNIX and TCP/IP. It provides an overview comparing and contrasting mainframe and UNIX environments from the standpoint of the mainframe professional. It introduces mainframers to UNIX data and file handling methods; shows how UNIX provides for the commands and utilities mainframe programmers are familiar with; and discusses UNIX alternatives to mainframe JCL. It covers advanced UNIX shell scripts; UNIX editors; UNIX account configuration; and third-party tools that may make mainframe developers more comfortable in the UNIX environment. The book includes detailed lists of error messages, codes, UNIX signals, hints and techniques; conversion tables for ASCII and EBCDIC; an overview of the UNIX C Shell and TCP/IP, and much more.All mainframe programmers, analysts, system analysts and consultants who need to learn UNIX. This including the rapidly increasing number of programmers in IBM environments working with mainframes as network hubs, or with IBM RS/6000 workstations.

Author Biography

DAVID HORVATH is a senior consultant with CGI Systems, Inc., a subsidiary of IBM Corporation. Besides teaching UNIX, C programming, and data modeling, he has developed and taught courses on transitioning between operating systems in industry and at the college level. He is now pursuing an MS degree in the Dynamics of Organization at the University of Pennsylvania.

Table of Contents

Preface xi(2)
Acknowledgments xiii(2)
Trademarks and Copyright Acknowledgments xv(4)
Introduction xix(2)
Conventions xxi
Chapter 1 -- Operating Systems and Environments
1(10)
UNIX History
2(3)
What Is UNIX and How It Is Different From the Mainframe
5(6)
Chapter 2 -- Files and Data
11(18)
UNIX Files
12(2)
UNIX Directories
14(2)
Filesystems
16(1)
Filename Structure
17(1)
Directory Name Structure and Pathnames
17(2)
Moving From Datasetnames to UNIX File and Pathnames
19(1)
UNIX Filename Conventions
20(2)
Special UNIX Files
22(2)
UNIX Tape File Access
24(5)
Chapter 3 -- Utilities and Commands
29(104)
Logging In to UNIX
29(4)
Terminal and Keyboard Behavior
33(2)
Directory Navigation (cd and pwd Commands)
35(2)
Looking at Directories (the Is Command)--Replacement for ISPF Dataset List Utility
37(3)
Wildcards and Filenames
40(1)
Command Buffering
41(1)
ISPF Browse and Edit Replacement--An Overview of UNIX Editors
42(2)
IEBGENER and ISPF Move/Copy Utility Replacement
44(4)
Copy, Move, and Link Commands (cp, mv, and In)
48(7)
Common Errors and Problem Determination
49(1)
Problem Determination--Permissions
50(1)
Problem Determination--Available Space
51(1)
Problem Determination--Used Space
52(1)
Problem Determination--Limits on Resource Usage
53(2)
IEFBR14 and ISPF Library and Dataset Utility Replacement
55(3)
Delete and Create File Commands (rm and touch)
58(2)
Create, Delete, and Rename Directory Commands (mkdir, rmdir, and mv)
60(2)
ISPF Dataset List Utility Replacement
62(5)
find Command
67(2)
Pipes and Redirection and the more Command
69(4)
How To Get Help
73(2)
Help Under UNIX--man, apropos, and whatis Commands
75(4)
Printing and Replacing ISPF Hardcopy Utility and /*ROUTE PRINT
79(1)
UNIX Print Commands (Ip and Ipr)
80(2)
UNIX Print Status Commands (Ipstat and Ipq)
82(1)
Canceling UNIX Print Jobs (cancel and Iprm Commands)
82(1)
Printing From Programs and Commands (Redirection to Printer)
83(1)
IDCAMS Replacement
84(1)
Creating and Deleting Generation Data Groups
84(2)
Creating and Deleting VSAM Datasets
86(1)
ISPF SDSF or IOF Replacement
86(2)
ps Command
88(4)
who, finger, and w Commands
92(1)
ISPF Foreground Processes and Command Replacements
93(3)
ISPF Background Processes and Batch Submit Replacements
96(2)
Job Control
98(1)
Background Job Modifiers (nohup, nice, time, and timex Commands)
99(3)
Canceling Background Jobs and Commands
101(1)
Job Scheduling--crontab and at Commands and the cron Daemon
102(7)
cron table Format
103(1)
crontab Command
104(1)
at Command
105(4)
JES2/*ROUTE XEQ and /*XEQ Replacement
109(1)
rsh and remsh Commands
109(1)
rexec Command
110(1)
ISPF Super-Compare Replacements
110(2)
File Comparison Commands
112(8)
diff, cmp, and comm Commands
113(4)
bdiff, sdiff, and diff3 Commands
117(3)
ISPF Search-For Replacement
120(2)
grep Command
122(9)
Regular Expressions for grep and egrep
126(2)
egrep and fgrep Commands
128(1)
Mimicking Search-For Word, Suffix, and Prefix Options
129(2)
Summary
131(2)
Chapter 4 -- JCL, PROCs, and CLISTs Become Shell Scripts
133(46)
Invoking and Exiting Shells
134(1)
Creating a Simple Command Procedure
135(3)
IKJEFTO1 (TSO in Batch) Replacement
138(1)
What To Do With Batch JCL
139(1)
Replacing Jobs in JCL With Shell Scripts
140(10)
Where UNIX Looks for Programs and Scripts (the UNIX Path)
143(1)
Environmental Variables and Substitution
144(2)
Replacing Jobs in JCL With Shell Scripts--Lines 9 through 90
146(4)
Replacing Jobs and PROCs in JCL with Shell Scripts
150(5)
Running Jobs
155(7)
Sample Output--Job, Step, and Program Output--Simple Job Run Successfully
156(2)
Sample Output--Job, Step, and Program Output--Simple Job Run Failed
158(1)
Sample Output--Job, Step, and Program Output--Job/PROC Run Successful
159(2)
Sample Output--Job, Step, and Program Output--Job/PROC Run Failed
161(1)
Concatenating Files
162(2)
Concatenated Datasets Through Temporary Files
162(1)
Concatenated Datasets Through Named Pipes
163(1)
Instream PROC Replacement
164(2)
Additional Information on Redirection
166(4)
Embedded SYSIN in Korn Shell
168(2)
ISPF Retrieve or Command History
170(2)
vi Command Line Editing Modes
172(3)
emacs and gmacs Command Line Editing Modes
175(2)
Summary
177(2)
Chapter 5 -- Advanced Shell Scripts and Commands
179(44)
Korn Shell Meta-characters
179(8)
Special Shell Variables
187(5)
Additional Environmental Variable Substitution (Using Meta-characters)
192(2)
Korn Shell Flags
194(2)
Restricted or Trusted Shells
196(1)
Looping and Conditionals
197(11)
for Loop
197(1)
while Loop
198(2)
until Loop
200(1)
Ending Loops Early--Break and Continue
201(1)
Testing Expressions
202(3)
if/then--else--fi and elif/then Conditional Tests
205(1)
case Statement
206(1)
select Statement
207(1)
Arithmetic Expressions and Related Commands (let, expr)
208(4)
Variable Attributes
212(2)
More About Where UNIX Looks for Programs and Scripts
214(2)
which, where, and alias Commands
215(1)
Advanced Commands
216(7)
File Security
217(6)
Chapter 6 -- Editors
223(38)
Editing with vi
231(3)
Creating a vi Configuration File ($HOME/.exrc)
234(3)
Browsing with vi
237(2)
Heavy-duty vi Editing Example
239(13)
Moving Around the Screen
239(3)
Finding Text in vi (Moving to Specific Text)
242(1)
Joining and Splitting Lines
242(1)
Adding and Replacing Text
243(2)
Marking or Labeling Text
245(1)
Changing Text
245(2)
Deleting Text
247(1)
Copying and Moving Text
248(1)
Substituting Text
249(3)
Moving From ISPF FIND and RFIND to vi
252(1)
Moving From ISPF CHANGE and RCHANGE to vi
252(1)
Command Summaries
253(7)
Important vi Settings (:set Options)
253(1)
vi Command Summary
254(2)
ex and ed Command Summary
256(4)
Summary
260(1)
Chapter 7 -- Account Configuration
261(8)
Bourne Shell .profile File
262(1)
Korn Shell .profile and ENV Files
263(1)
C Shell .login and .cshrc Files
264(3)
C Shell .logout File
267(1)
Other Configuration Files
267(2)
Chapter 8 -- Third-Party Tools
269(28)
Programming Languages
269(1)
4th Generation Languages, Application Generators, and Application Development Environments
270(1)
Other Development Tools
271(1)
OLTP--CICS and Replacements
271(1)
CASE Tools
272(1)
Source Code Control and Configuration Management
273(1)
Relational Databases
273(1)
Other Databases and Data Access Methods
274(1)
Middleware / Migration (Accessing Data on the Mainframe From Other Platforms)
274(1)
Code Translation
274(1)
System Utilities
274(1)
UNIX Sorting--An Overview
274(5)
Replacement for SCRIPT--An Overview of Text Processing
279(2)
Communications
281(1)
An Overview of File Transfer
281(1)
Other Sources of Tools
282(2)
Summary and Conclusion
284(1)
Appendix A -- Common Error Messages, Codes, and UNIX Signals
285(12)
Error Messages
285(3)
Error Codes
288(5)
UNIX Signals
293(4)
Appendix B -- Hints and Techniques
297(26)
GDG Processing Under UNIX
297(11)
gdg-idcm.ksh
297(1)
gdg-use.ksh
298(6)
gdg-del.ksh
304(3)
rcp-gdg.ksh
307(1)
Converting ASA Formatted Print Output
308(2)
filter-asa.c
309(1)
Mainframe Tape Processing
310(3)
Comparing Sequential Files
313(6)
compare-data.c
313(6)
Converting Sequential Files to Line Sequential
319(4)
Converting a Single Record Fixed Sequential File to Line Sequential
319(1)
add-newline.c
319(4)
Appendix C -- Data Conversion, ASCII, and EBCDIC Charts
323(16)
Data Conversion--An Overview
323(2)
Simple Data Conversion With the dd Command
325(1)
Data Conversion Example Programs
326(10)
swapbyte.cbl--Byte Order Swap Function
326(1)
xlatecde.cbl--Character Set Conversion Function
327(3)
xlatecde.cpy--Copybook Used by xlatecde.cbl
330(2)
xlateuse.cbl--Program To Use xlatecde.cbl
332(3)
xlateuse.ksh--Shell Script To Run xlateuse.cbl
335(1)
ASCII and EBCDIC Chart
336(3)
Appendix D -- Hardware Comparisons
339(4)
Appendix E -- C Shell--An Overview
343(8)
Appendix F -- Using TCP/IP Networks
351(14)
TCP/IP
351(7)
TCP/IP Tools and Commands
358(1)
TCP/IP Addresses
358(2)
TCP/IP Commands
360(1)
Other Internet Tools
360(2)
SNA--IBM Systems Network Architecture
362(3)
Appendix G--References, Reading List, Other Sources
365(6)
Training
365(1)
Local colleges (credit and non-credit)
365(1)
User Groups and Conferences
365(1)
Books
366(3)
Magazines/Newspapers
369(2)
Glossary 371(16)
Index 387

Excerpts

Preface You have just picked upYAUB(Yet Another UNIX Book). And you may be asking yourself why you should read this one instead of any of the other ones. The answer is simple: If you are a mainframe professional (programmer, analyst, project leader, DBA, etc.) and find yourself having to use the operating system generically known as UNIX, this book is for you. The idea for this book came when I was working on a conversion project from the IBM mainframe to a UNIX machine. In addition to moving the code, we were supposed to help the staff learn the UNIX system. There were other departments in the same organization that were making similar transitions. Their mainframe professionals were very competent using the mainframe to get their job done, but were having trouble with the new operating system. Because I am comfortable in both the mainframe and UNIX environments, I was called to help these people out. After they took training courses from outside vendors, they returned to their desks and were immediately hit with questions like "How do I do this?" They wanted to do something under UNIX that they were very quick and familiar with on the mainframe but had difficulty figuring out what to do in the new environment. While helping them solve their problems, one person remarked that he wished there was a book written for what he was going through. I recommended several books that I had read and others that were on the market, such asUNIX for Dummiesfor example. The people with whom I was working, however, were no dummies and felt insulted at the idea of buying a book by that title. The introductory books were too simple, assuming little or no computer knowledge. But the more advanced books assumed that the reader knew certain things about UNIX already. Besides these problems, the books simply did not answer the question these people were asking: "I do X on the mainframe this way, how do I do it under UNIX?" At about the same time, a new staff member joined the project, a person who was familiar with UNIX and another interactive operating system known as VMS, but did not know the mainframe. Fortunately, I gave a seminar a few years prior for VMS professionals on how to use the mainframe, so I made a copy of the handouts for the mainframe novice. The mainframe professionals remarked that they wished they could find a book that explained the UNIX operating system in terms with which they were familiar--much as the seminar materials did. That was the beginning of the idea to write this book. What you hold in your hands is the final result. If you have questions about this book, you can contact me at UNIX_MF@COBS.COM. My Web page is at http://www.cobs.com/~dhorvath

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