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Summary

During the 1940s, teachers were certain they had some grievous complaints about students' behavior in school. Among these were excessive noise, littering, and gum chewing. More recently, teachers' concerns have taken on a far more dire tone. Today, their focus is on the rape, robbery, and substance abuse incidents that occur in alarming numbers in their workplaces.In recent years, the news on violent crime in our schools has often been devastating. And although school officials have begun taking measures to decrease the level of violence on their grounds (e.g., installing metal detectors, hiring guards to patrol hallways), the violence that continues to occur is often more lethal and no less troubling. To further understand and ameliorate the causes of violence among our children-especially at school-this book takes a comprehensive approach to addressing the issues.Violence in Schools: Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Perspectives provides both a broad overview of violence in schools and offers specific descriptions of models that have been used successfully within school settings to prevent violent crime from occurring. For example, this volume:Recognizes that violence on school grounds is a global problem that requires an international perspective to counteract.Takes a broad view of what constitutes violence-that is, the focus is not only on physical assault, but the neglect and abusive behavior (e.g., racism, sexism, cultural discrimination and suppression) that contribute to its occurrence.Explores the history of the phenomenon of school violence in order to effectively ameliorate its current condition.Violence in Schools: Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Perspectives speaks with legitimate authority to scholars as well as to those on the frontlines in combating school violence, including school and counseling psychologists, school administrators, teachers and staff as well as concerned parents.

Table of Contents

1. Violence in the Schools: An Introduction
1(10)
The Editors
References
7(4)
2. Conceptualizing Violence
11(26)
Herbert H. Krauss
The Ubiquity of Violence
11(2)
The World Health Organization's View of Violence
13(3)
Demographics of Violence
16(2)
Violence and Biology
18(5)
Violence, Social Psychology and Beyond
23(2)
WHO's Ecological Model of Violence
25(1)
Burke's Dramatistic Model of Violence
26(5)
The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 1572
31(3)
References
34(3)
3. A History of Violence in the Schools
37(22)
Elizabeth Midlarsky and Helen Marie Klain
Violence in the Schools: Historical Perspectives
37(2)
Historical Evidence of Student Violence
39(7)
Historical Evidence of Teacher Violence
46(5)
Factors Contributing to School Violence
51(3)
Implications and Conclusions
54(1)
References
54(5)
4. Warning Signs
59(16)
June F. Chisholm and Alfred W. Ward
Perspectives on Violence
60(4)
Prodromal Signs of Violent Behavior in the Clinical Literature
64(1)
Prevention Strategies
64(3)
Primary Prevention Initiatives
67(4)
References
71(4)
5. Developmental Aspects of School Violence
75(10)
Roseanne L. Flores
Introduction
75(3)
Developmental Precursors to Violent Behavior
78(2)
Developmental Precursors within Contexts of Violent Behavior
80(2)
Interaction between Community and School Violence
82(1)
Summary and Conclusions
82(2)
References
84(1)
6. Gender and Ethnicity Issues in School Violence
85(16)
Darlene C. DeFour
Defining School Violence
86(2)
Gender and School Violence
88(1)
Relational Aggression
89(5)
Ethnicity and School Violence
94(2)
Gender and Ethnicity Implication for School Violence Interventions
96(1)
References
97(4)
7. Sexual Violence in the Schools
101(18)
Beatrice J. Krauss, Herbert H. Krauss, Joanne O'Day, and Kevin Rente
Definitions
104(2)
Prevalence of Sexual Violence in U.S. Schools
106(3)
The Effects of Sexual Violence
109(1)
Supreme Court Decisions
110(1)
School Policy
111(3)
The Ideal versus the Real
114(2)
References
116(3)
8. A Transgenerational Perspective on Peace and on Violence Prevention
119(50)
Astrid Stückelberger
The Backstage of Violence: Socio-Demographic Dynamics
119(1)
The New Architecture of Our World
120(8)
A Multi-Generation Society: Family System in Mutation
128(6)
Conflict and Violence Between or Throughout Generations: From the Structural to the Developmental Perspective
134(1)
Structural Perspective: Link and Transmission from Generation to Generation
135(9)
Need for a Transgenerational Theory on Conflict and Violence
144(13)
Conclusion
157(7)
References
164(5)
9. Bullying and Ijime in Japanese Schools
169(22)
Takashi Naito and Uwe P. Gielen
Japan's Public Debate on School Bullying
169(3)
Japanese Classrooms
172(2)
Definitions of Bullying
174(1)
Defining Bullying from a Japanese Perspective
175(2)
Frequency of Bullying
177(2)
Findings of a Cross-Cultural Survey and Some Additional Data on Bullying
179(3)
Some Determinants of Bullying in Japanese Classrooms
182(3)
Concluding Remarks
185(2)
Note
187(1)
References
188(3)
10. A Perspective on Child Abuse in the Philippines 191(16)
Richard Velayo
Brief History of Education in the Philippines
193(2)
School and Church: Institutional Powers in the Philippines
195(1)
The School and the Filipino Child
195(2)
The Church and the Filipino Child
197(1)
Church and School as Culturally Intertwined Institutions of Power
197(2)
Cultural Vagueness in Defining Abuse
199(3)
Prevention Efforts and Other Recommendations
202(2)
References
204(3)
11. Manifestations of Violence in Arab Schools and Procedures for Reducing it 207(30)
Ramadan A. Ahmed
The Arab World, Land, and People: An Overview
207(2)
Variables Associated with Violence among School Students
209(11)
Measures and Scales for Assessing Violent/Aggressive Behavior
220(1)
Behavior Modification Programs, Therapeutic and Counseling Studies
221(5)
Efforts, Measures, and Procedures to Reduce School Students' Violent Behavior
226(2)
Final Comments
228(1)
References
229(8)
12. Violence In Schools: Australia 237(16)
Judith E. Papházy
Programs Against School Violence
239(1)
Resilience Promotion in Schools
240(7)
Resilience Programs in Schools
247(1)
Resilience Promotion Information
248(1)
Why Is It Important?
249(1)
What Are The Outcomes?
249(1)
References
250(3)
13. Predicting School Violence 253(22)
Daniel A. Krauss
Introduction
253(1)
School Violence
254(2)
Risk Prediction and Assessment
256(13)
Conclusions and Future Directions
269(1)
Notes
270(1)
References
271(4)
14. Preventing Violence in Schools 275(18)
Maram Hallak, Kathryn Quina, and Charles Collyer
Violence
276(1)
Nonviolence
277(1)
Kingian Nonviolence
278(1)
Kingian Training
279(1)
Effectiveness of Nonviolence
280(2)
Do These Interventions Work? The URI Nonviolence Project Evaluation
282(6)
What Do The Findings Tell Us About Nonviolence Training?
288(3)
References
291(2)
15. What Can We Do About School Violence? 293(8)
Melissa Laracuenta and Florence L. Denmark
Developing a Safe School Environment
294(1)
Developing a Violence Response Plan
295(1)
Intervention Strategies
296(3)
Conclusion
299(1)
References
299(2)
16. Summary and Conclusion 301(4)
The Editors
Reference 305(2)
About the Editors 307(4)
About the Contributors 311(6)
Index 317

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