PREFACE |
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xiii | |
Part I: Introduction to Systems |
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1 | (44) |
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1 SYSTEM DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS |
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1 | (16) |
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1.1 System Definitions and Elements |
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1 | (3) |
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1.2 Classification of Systems |
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4 | (3) |
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1.3 Science and Systems Science |
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7 | (3) |
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1.4 Transition to the Systems Age |
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10 | (2) |
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1.5 Technology and Technical Systems |
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12 | (2) |
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1.6 Engineering in the Systems Age |
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14 | (2) |
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16 | (1) |
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2 BRINGING SYSTEMS INTO BEING |
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17 | (28) |
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2.1 Engineering for Product Competitiveness |
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17 | (2) |
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2.2 System Life-Cycle Engineering |
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19 | (4) |
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2.3 Systems Engineering Definitions |
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23 | (1) |
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2.4 The Systems Engineering Process |
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24 | (5) |
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2.5 System Design Evaluation |
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29 | (7) |
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2.6 Implementing Systems Engineering |
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36 | (7) |
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43 | (2) |
Part II: The System Design Process |
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45 | (98) |
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3 CONCEPTUAL SYSTEM DESIGN |
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45 | (29) |
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3.1 Identification of Need |
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45 | (1) |
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3.2 Accomplishment of Feasibility Analysis |
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46 | (1) |
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3.3 Advance System Planning |
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47 | (1) |
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3.4 System Requirements Analysis |
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48 | (9) |
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3.5 Technical Performance Measures (TPMs) |
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57 | (4) |
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3.6 Functional Analysis and Allocation |
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61 | (6) |
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3.7 Synthesis, Analysis, and Evaluation |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (2) |
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3.9 Conceptual Design Review |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (2) |
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4 PRELIMINARY SYSTEM DESIGN |
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74 | (23) |
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4.1 Subsystem Functional Analysis |
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74 | (6) |
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4.2 Requirements Allocation |
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80 | (4) |
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4.3 Design Requirements (Parameters) |
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84 | (2) |
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4.4 Engineering Design Technologies |
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86 | (7) |
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4.5 Synthesis and Design Definition |
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93 | (1) |
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4.6 System Design Reviews |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (1) |
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5 DETAIL DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT |
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97 | (24) |
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5.1 Detail Design Requirements |
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97 | (2) |
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5.2 Integrating System Elements |
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99 | (5) |
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5.3 Design Engineering Activities |
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104 | (3) |
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107 | (1) |
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5.5 Detail Design Documentation |
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108 | (4) |
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5.6 System Prototype Development |
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112 | (2) |
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5.7 Detail Design Reviews |
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114 | (5) |
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119 | (2) |
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6 SYSTEM TEST AND EVALUATION |
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121 | (22) |
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6.1 Requirements for Test and Evaluation |
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121 | (2) |
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6.2 Categories of System/Component Testing |
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123 | (5) |
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6.3 Planning for Test and Evaluation |
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128 | (2) |
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6.4 Preparation for Test and Evaluation |
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130 | (2) |
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6.5 Test Performance and Reporting |
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132 | (8) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (3) |
Part III: Systems Analysis and Design Evaluation |
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143 | (202) |
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7 ALTERNATIVES AND MODELS IN DECISION MAKING |
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143 | (26) |
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7.1 Alternatives in Decision Making |
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143 | (2) |
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7.2 Models in Decision Making |
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145 | (4) |
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7.3 Decision Evaluation Theory |
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149 | (4) |
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7.4 The Decision Evaluation Matrix |
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153 | (2) |
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7.5 Decisions Under Assumed Certainty |
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155 | (2) |
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157 | (3) |
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7.7 Decisions Under Uncertainty |
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160 | (4) |
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7.8 The Decision Evaluation Display |
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164 | (2) |
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166 | (3) |
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8 MODELS FOR ECONOMIC EVALUATION |
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169 | (37) |
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8.1 Interest and Interest Formulas |
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169 | (6) |
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8.2 Determining Economic Equivalence |
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175 | (4) |
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8.3 Evaluating a Single Alternative Under Certainty |
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179 | (7) |
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8.4 Evaluating Multiple Alternatives Under Certainty |
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186 | (4) |
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8.5 Evaluations Involving Multiple Criteria |
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190 | (2) |
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8.6 Evaluating Multiple Alternatives with Multiple Features |
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192 | (3) |
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8.7 Break-Even Economic Evaluations |
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195 | (5) |
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8.8 Break-Even Analysis Under Risk |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (5) |
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9 OPTIMIZATION IN DESIGN AND OPERATIONS |
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206 | (55) |
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9.1 Classical Optimization Theory |
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206 | (7) |
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9.2 Unconstrained Classical Optimization |
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213 | (18) |
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9.3 Constrained Classical Optimization |
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231 | (5) |
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9.4 Evaluation Involving Optimization and Multiple Criteria |
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236 | (2) |
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9.5 Constrained Optimization by Linear Programming |
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238 | (9) |
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9.6 Constrained Optimization by Dynamic Programming |
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247 | (9) |
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256 | (5) |
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10 QUEUING THEORY AND ANALYSIS |
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261 | (45) |
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261 | (4) |
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10.2 Monte Carlo Analysis of Queuing |
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265 | (3) |
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10.3 Single-Channel Queuing Models |
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268 | (10) |
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10.4 Multiple-Channel Queuing Models |
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278 | (2) |
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10.5 Queuing with Nonexponential Service |
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280 | (3) |
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10.6 Finite Population Queuing Models |
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283 | (8) |
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10.7 Repairable Equipment Population Systems |
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291 | (12) |
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303 | (3) |
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11 CONTROL CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES |
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306 | (39) |
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11.1 Some Control Concepts |
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306 | (3) |
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11.2 Statistical Process Control |
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309 | (11) |
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11.3 Optimum Policy Control |
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320 | (3) |
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11.4 Project Control with CPM and PERT |
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323 | (11) |
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11.5 Total Quality Control |
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334 | (5) |
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339 | (6) |
Part IV: Design for Operational Feasibility |
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345 | (264) |
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12 DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY |
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345 | (56) |
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12.1 Definition and Explanation of Reliability |
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345 | (2) |
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12.2 Measures of Reliability |
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347 | (15) |
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12.3 Reliability in the System Life Cycle |
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362 | (13) |
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12.4 Reliability Analysis Methods |
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375 | (12) |
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12.5 Design Review and Evaluation |
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387 | (2) |
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12.6 Reliability Test and Evaluation |
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389 | (7) |
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396 | (5) |
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13 DESIGN FOR MAINTAINABILITY |
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401 | (58) |
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13.1 Definition and Explanation of Maintainability |
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401 | (1) |
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13.2 Measures of Maintainability |
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402 | (15) |
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13.3 Maintainability in the System Life Cycle |
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417 | (7) |
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13.4 Maintainability Analysis Methods |
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424 | (23) |
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13.5 Design Review and Evaluation |
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447 | (1) |
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13.6 Maintainability Demonstration |
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448 | (6) |
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454 | (5) |
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14 DESIGN FOR USABILITY (HUMAN FACTORS) |
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459 | (31) |
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14.1 Definition and Explanation of Human Factors |
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459 | (15) |
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14.2 The Measures in Human Factors |
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474 | (1) |
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14.3 Human Factors in the System Life Cycle |
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475 | (3) |
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14.4 Human Factors Analysis Methods |
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478 | (7) |
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14.5 Personnel and Training Requirements |
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485 | (2) |
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14.6 Design Review and Evaluation |
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487 | (1) |
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14.7 Personnel Test and Evaluation |
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488 | (1) |
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488 | (2) |
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15 DESIGN FOR SUPPORTABILITY (SERVICEABILITY) |
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490 | (45) |
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15.1 Definition and Explanation of Supportability |
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491 | (1) |
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15.2 The Elements of Support |
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492 | (3) |
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15.3 The Measures of Supportability |
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495 | (18) |
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15.4 Logistic Support in the System Life Cycle |
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513 | (8) |
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15.5 Supportability Analysis (SA) |
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521 | (7) |
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15.6 Continuous Acquisition and Life-Cycle Support (CALS) |
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528 | (1) |
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15.7 Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) |
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529 | (2) |
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15.8 Supportability Test and Evaluation |
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531 | (1) |
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532 | (3) |
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16 DESIGN FOR PRODUCIBILITY AND DISPOSABILITY |
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535 | (22) |
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16.1 Introduction to Producibility and Disposability |
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535 | (4) |
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16.2 Producibility and Disposability in the System Life Cycle |
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539 | (5) |
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16.3 Design for Producibility |
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544 | (5) |
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16.4 Modeling Manufacturing Progress |
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549 | (1) |
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16.5 Design for Disposability |
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550 | (3) |
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16.6 Integration of Producibility and Disposability |
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553 | (1) |
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554 | (3) |
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17 DESIGN FOR AFFORDABILITY (LIFE-CYCLE COST) |
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557 | (52) |
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17.1 Introduction to Life-Cycle Costing |
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557 | (4) |
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17.2 Cost Emphasis in the System Life Cycle |
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561 | (4) |
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17.3 The Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Process |
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565 | (2) |
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17.4 A Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Process Example |
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567 | (30) |
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17.5 Life-Cycle Cost Applications and Benefits |
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597 | (5) |
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602 | (7) |
Part V: Systems Engineering Management |
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609 | (54) |
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18 SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PLANNING AND ORGANIZATION |
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609 | (31) |
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18.1 Systems Engineering Planning |
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610 | (1) |
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18.2 System Engineering Management Plan (SEMP) |
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610 | (16) |
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18.3 Organization for Systems Engineering |
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626 | (12) |
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638 | (1) |
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638 | (2) |
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19 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL |
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640 | (23) |
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19.1 Organizational Goals and Objectives |
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640 | (2) |
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19.2 Direction and Control of Program Activities |
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642 | (11) |
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19.3 Program Evaluation Factors |
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653 | (4) |
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19.4 Program Risk Management |
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657 | (4) |
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661 | (2) |
Part VI: Appendices |
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663 | (66) |
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APPENDIX A: ANALYSIS AND CHECKLIST METHODS |
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664 | (14) |
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665 | (9) |
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A.2 Design Review Checklists |
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674 | (4) |
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APPENDIX B: PROBABILITY THEORY AND ANALYSIS |
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678 | (17) |
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B.1 Probability Concepts and Theory |
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678 | (3) |
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B.2 Probability Distribution Models |
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681 | (9) |
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690 | (5) |
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APPENDIX C: PROBABILITY AND STATISTICAL TABLES |
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695 | (9) |
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C.1 Random Rectangular Variates |
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696 | (2) |
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C.2 Cumulative Poisson Probabilities |
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698 | (4) |
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C.3 Cumulative Normal Probabilities |
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702 | (2) |
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APPENDIX D: INTEREST FACTORS TABLES |
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704 | (9) |
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Tables D.1 to D.8 Interest Factors for Annual Compounding |
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704 | (9) |
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APPENDIX E: FINITE QUEUING TABLES |
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713 | (8) |
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Table E.1 to E.3 Finite Queuing Factors |
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713 | (8) |
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APPENDIX F: SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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721 | (8) |
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F.1 Systems, Systems Theory, Systems Engineering, and Systems Analysis |
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722 | (1) |
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F.2 Concurrent/Simultaneous Engineering |
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723 | (1) |
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F.3 Software/Computer-Aided Systems |
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724 | (1) |
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F.4 Reliability, Maintainability, and Maintenance Engineering |
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724 | (1) |
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F.5 Human Factors and Safety Engineering |
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725 | (1) |
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F.6 Logistics and Logistics Engineering |
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725 | (1) |
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F.7 Quality, Quality Engineering, and Quality Assurance |
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726 | (1) |
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F.8 Production, Producibility, and Environmental Engineering |
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726 | (1) |
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F.9 Operations Research, and Operations Analysis |
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727 | (1) |
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F.10 Engineering Economy, Economic Analysis, and Cost Estimating |
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727 | (1) |
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F.11 Management and Supporting Areas |
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727 | (2) |
INDEX |
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729 | |